महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-103, verse-30

विजित्य क्षममाणस्य यशो राज्ञोऽभिवर्धते ।
महापराधा ह्यप्यस्मिन्विश्वसन्ति हि शत्रवः ॥३०॥

30. vijitya kṣamamāṇasya yaśo rājño'bhivardhate ,
mahāparādhā hyapyasminviśvasanti hi śatravaḥ.

30. vijitya kṣamamāṇasya yaśaḥ rājñaḥ abhivardhate
mahāparādhā hi api asmin viśvasanti hi śatravaḥ

30. vijitya kṣamamāṇasya rājñaḥ yaśaḥ abhivardhate.
hi mahāparādhā śatravaḥ api asmin hi viśvasanti.

30. The fame of a king who, having conquered, still shows forbearance (kṣamā), grows. For indeed, even those who have committed great offenses, his very enemies, trust in him.

Words meanings summery:

• विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered, after conquering

• क्षममाणस्य (kṣamamāṇasya) - of the king showing forbearance (of one forgiving, of one showing forbearance)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - increases, grows, flourishes

• महापराधा (mahāparādhā) - great offenders, those who have committed great offenses

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this king (in him, in this)

• विश्वसन्ति (viśvasanti) - they trust, they confide

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies, foes

Words meanings and morphology

विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered, after conquering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from the root √ji with prefix vi, followed by suffix -tvā. The '-tvā' becomes '-ya' after an upasarga.

Prefix: vi

Root: √ji (class 1)

क्षममाणस्य (kṣamamāṇasya) - of the king showing forbearance (of one forgiving, of one showing forbearance)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣamamāṇa

kṣamamāṇa - forgiving, forbearing, patient

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root √kṣam (to be patient, to forgive) with the present participle suffix -māna.

Root: √kṣam (class 1)

Note: Used here as a substantive, referring to 'the king'.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown

Note: The 'ḥ' is restored from sandhi.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: The 'ḥ' is restored from sandhi.

अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - increases, grows, flourishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √vṛdh

Present Tense

From root √vṛdh with prefix abhi. Ātmanepada verb form.

Prefix: abhi

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

महापराधा (mahāparādhā) - great offenders, those who have committed great offenses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāparādha

mahāparādha - great offense; (as adjective/substantive) one who has committed a great offense

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+aparādha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• aparādha – offense, fault, crime
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from prefix apa + √radh + a, meaning 'not succeeding' or 'offending'.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: √radh (class 4)

Note: Used as a substantive referring to 'great offenders'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or causation.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this king (in him, in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the king.

विश्वसन्ति (viśvasanti) - they trust, they confide

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √śvas

Present Tense

From root √śvas (to breathe) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: √śvas (class 2)

Note: Takes locative for the object of trust.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or causation.

शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival