महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-103, verse-32

नैतत्प्रशंसन्त्याचार्या न च साधु निदर्शनम् ।
अक्लेशेनाविनाशेन नियन्तव्याः स्वपुत्रवत् ॥३२॥

32. naitatpraśaṁsantyācāryā na ca sādhu nidarśanam ,
akleśenāvināśena niyantavyāḥ svaputravat.

32. na etat praśaṃsanti ācāryāḥ na ca sādhu nidarśanam
akleśena avināśena niyantavyāḥ svaputravat

32. ācāryāḥ etat na praśaṃsanti,
ca nidarśanam na sādhu.
akleśena avināśena svaputravat niyantavyāḥ.

32. Teachers do not praise this, nor is it a good example. [Subjects/enemies] should be controlled without causing them suffering or destruction, as one would control one's own sons.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• एतत् (etat) - this idea of tormenting before forgiving (this, this (matter/thing))

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

• आचार्याः (ācāryāḥ) - teachers, preceptors, masters

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also

• साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, virtuous, excellent

• निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, demonstration

• अक्लेशेन (akleśena) - without trouble, without difficulty, without suffering

• अविनाशेन (avināśena) - without destruction, without ruin

• नियन्तव्याः (niyantavyāḥ) - should be controlled, should be restrained, should be governed

• स्वपुत्रवत् (svaputravat) - like one's own sons

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

एतत् (etat) - this idea of tormenting before forgiving (this, this (matter/thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this (thing)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the preceding idea of tormenting before forgiving (from verse 90282).

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √śaṃs

Present Tense

From root √śaṃs (to praise) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: √śaṃs (class 1)

आचार्याः (ācāryāḥ) - teachers, preceptors, masters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, virtuous, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, proper, virtuous, righteous

Note: Predicate adjective for 'nidarśanam'.

निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, demonstration

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidarśana

nidarśana - example, illustration, demonstration

From prefix ni + √dṛś (to see) + suffix -ana.

Prefix: ni

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

अक्लेशेन (akleśena) - without trouble, without difficulty, without suffering

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akleśa

akleśa - without trouble, without difficulty, without suffering

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'kleśa' (trouble, suffering).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kleśa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kleśa – trouble, suffering, affliction
  noun (masculine)
  From √kliś (to torment).
  Root: √kliś (class 9)

Note: Acts as an adverbial phrase meaning 'without causing trouble'.

अविनाशेन (avināśena) - without destruction, without ruin

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avināśa

avināśa - without destruction, indestructible

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'vināśa' (destruction).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vināśa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vināśa – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix vi + √naś (to perish) + suffix -a.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √naś (class 4)

Note: Acts as an adverbial phrase meaning 'without causing destruction'.

नियन्तव्याः (niyantavyāḥ) - should be controlled, should be restrained, should be governed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niyantavya

niyantavya - to be controlled, to be restrained, to be governed

Gerundive

Formed from prefix ni + √yam (to restrain, control) + gerundive suffix -tavya.

Prefix: ni

Root: √yam (class 1)

Note: Implies the subjects or enemies from the previous verses.

स्वपुत्रवत् (svaputravat) - like one's own sons

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -vat added to svaputra (own son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+putra)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)