महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-73, verse-27

श्रुत्वा दुहितरं काव्यस्तत्र शर्मिष्ठया हताम् ।
त्वरया निर्ययौ दुःखान्मार्गमाणः सुतां वने ॥२७॥

27. śrutvā duhitaraṁ kāvyastatra śarmiṣṭhayā hatām ,
tvarayā niryayau duḥkhānmārgamāṇaḥ sutāṁ vane.

27. śrutvā duhitaram kāvyaḥ tatra śarmiṣṭhayā hatām
tvarayā niryayau duḥkhāt mārgamāṇaḥ sutām vane

27. Having heard that his daughter had been assaulted there by Sharmishtha, Kavya (Shukra), distressed, quickly departed, searching for his daughter in the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (about his daughter's assault) (having heard, after hearing)

• दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - his daughter (Devayani) (daughter)

• काव्यः (kāvyaḥ) - Kavya, the preceptor Shukra (Devayani's father) (Kavya, Shukra)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the forest where she was assaulted) (there, then, in that place)

• शर्मिष्ठया (śarmiṣṭhayā) - by Sharmishtha (the princess who assaulted Devayani) (by Sharmishtha)

• हताम् (hatām) - assaulted, left for dead (struck, injured, killed, assaulted)

• त्वरया (tvarayā) - quickly, without delay (quickly, in haste, with speed)

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - departed (from his hermitage) (went out, departed, set forth)

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - due to his immense sorrow (from sorrow, due to distress, in distress)

• मार्गमाणः (mārgamāṇaḥ) - actively searching (for his daughter) (searching, seeking, looking for)

• सुताम् (sutām) - his daughter (daughter)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (where he was searching) (in the forest, in the woods)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (about his daughter's assault) (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - his daughter (Devayani) (daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duhity

duhity - daughter

Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Object of implied 'was' (hatām).

काव्यः (kāvyaḥ) - Kavya, the preceptor Shukra (Devayani's father) (Kavya, Shukra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāvya

kāvya - belonging to the Kavis (descendants of Kavi), a name for Shukra, poetry

Note: Subject of 'niryayau'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the forest where she was assaulted) (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

Root: tad

शर्मिष्ठया (śarmiṣṭhayā) - by Sharmishtha (the princess who assaulted Devayani) (by Sharmishtha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - Sharmishtha (proper name)

Note: Agent of the passive action 'hatām'.

हताम् (hatām) - assaulted, left for dead (struck, injured, killed, assaulted)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, injured, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'duhitaram'.

त्वरया (tvarayā) - quickly, without delay (quickly, in haste, with speed)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tvarā

tvarā - haste, speed, quickness

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial instrumental.

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - departed (from his hermitage) (went out, departed, set forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of nir-yā

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root yā (to go) with upasarga nir. Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd singular.

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - due to his immense sorrow (from sorrow, due to distress, in distress)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, distress, pain

Note: Used to express cause ('from/due to sorrow').

मार्गमाणः (mārgamāṇaḥ) - actively searching (for his daughter) (searching, seeking, looking for)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārgamāṇa

mārgamāṇa - searching, seeking

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root mārg (to seek, search). Present participle, ātmanepada.

Root: mārg (class 10)

सुताम् (sutām) - his daughter (daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter (literally 'one born')

Feminine of suta (born), from root sū (to give birth).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'mārgamāṇaḥ'.

वने (vane) - in the forest (where he was searching) (in the forest, in the woods)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket