महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-73, verse-15

स नाहुषः प्रेक्षमाण उदपानं गतोदकम् ।
ददर्श कन्यां तां तत्र दीप्तामग्निशिखामिव ॥१५॥

15. sa nāhuṣaḥ prekṣamāṇa udapānaṁ gatodakam ,
dadarśa kanyāṁ tāṁ tatra dīptāmagniśikhāmiva.

15. saḥ nāhuṣaḥ prekṣamāṇaḥ udapānam gatodakam
dadarśa kanyām tām tatra dīptām agniśikhām iva

15. That son of Nahuṣa, looking around, saw a well from which the water had gone. There, he beheld that maiden, shining like a flame of fire.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (Yayāti) (he, that)

• नाहुषः (nāhuṣaḥ) - the son of Nahuṣa (Yayāti) (son of Nahuṣa, belonging to Nahuṣa)

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking around (looking, observing, seeing)

• उदपानम् (udapānam) - well, watering place

• गतोदकम् (gatodakam) - whose water is gone, devoid of water

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl, young woman

• ताम् (tām) - that (maiden) (that, her)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining, blazing, splendid

• अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - flame of fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (Yayāti) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

नाहुषः (nāhuṣaḥ) - the son of Nahuṣa (Yayāti) (son of Nahuṣa, belonging to Nahuṣa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāhuṣa

nāhuṣa - descendant of Nahuṣa, son of Nahuṣa

Patronymic derivation from Nahuṣa

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (Yayāti).

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking around (looking, observing, seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking on, observing, seeing

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From prefix 'pra' + root 'īkṣ' (to see)

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (Yayāti).

उदपानम् (udapānam) - well, watering place

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udapāna

udapāna - a well, a watering place

From 'uda' (water) + 'pāna' (drinking)

Compound type : tatpurusha (uda+pāna)

• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
• pāna – drinking, drink
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  From root 'pā' (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

गतोदकम् (gatodakam) - whose water is gone, devoid of water

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gatodaka

gatodaka - whose water is gone, waterless

Bahuvrihi compound: one whose water (udaka) is gone (gata)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+udaka)

• gata – gone, departed, disappeared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'udapānam'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Class 1 verb, irregular perfect form

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl, young woman

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, virgin, daughter

ताम् (tām) - that (maiden) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining, blazing, splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, blazing, brilliant, splendid

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dīp' (to shine, blaze)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'kanyām'.

अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - flame of fire

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of agniśikhā

agniśikhā - flame of fire

Tatpurusha compound: 'śikhā' (flame) of 'agni' (fire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+śikhā)

• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
• śikhā – flame, crest, tuft of hair
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)