महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-143, verse-34

घटभासोत्कच इति मातरं सोऽभ्यभाषत ।
अभवत्तेन नामास्य घटोत्कच इति स्म ह ॥३४॥

34. ghaṭabhāsotkaca iti mātaraṁ so'bhyabhāṣata ,
abhavattena nāmāsya ghaṭotkaca iti sma ha.

34. ghaṭabhāsotkaca iti mātaram saḥ abhyabhāṣata
abhavat tena nāma asya ghaṭotkaca iti sma ha

34. He, known as "Ghatabhāsotkaca" (with pot-like radiance and peculiar hair/baldness), addressed his mother. And by this (description), his name indeed became Ghatotkacha.

Words meanings summery:

• घटभासोत्कच (ghaṭabhāsotkaca) - A descriptive name or epithet referring to Ghatotkacha's appearance. (one with pot-like radiance and peculiar hair/baldness (a descriptive epithet))

• इति (iti) - marking a descriptive phrase or a quoted name (thus, so, in this manner)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke to, he addressed

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

• तेन (tena) - by that description/circumstance (by that, by him)

• नाम (nāma) - name

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• घटोत्कच (ghaṭotkaca) - The proper name of the son of Bhīma and Hiḍimbā. (Ghatotkacha (proper name))

• इति (iti) - marking the name given (thus, so)

• स्म (sma) - indeed, particle for past tense

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

घटभासोत्कच (ghaṭabhāsotkaca) - A descriptive name or epithet referring to Ghatotkacha's appearance. (one with pot-like radiance and peculiar hair/baldness (a descriptive epithet))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭabhāsotkaca

ghaṭabhāsotkaca - one having pot-like radiance and prominent/bald hair

Compound: ghaṭa (pot) + bhāsa (radiance/luster) + utkaca (raised hair/bald)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+bhāsa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• bhāsa – radiance, light, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhās (to shine)
  Root: bhās (class 1)
• utkaca – raised hair, standing hair, bald
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: ut (up, out) + kaca (hair)

इति (iti) - marking a descriptive phrase or a quoted name (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke to, he addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhībhāṣ

Imperfect Middle

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) from root bhāṣ with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: bhū (class 1)

तेन (tena) - by that description/circumstance (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

घटोत्कच (ghaṭotkaca) - The proper name of the son of Bhīma and Hiḍimbā. (Ghatotkacha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghatotkacha (name of a rākṣasa), 'pot-head' or 'bald like a pot'

Compound: ghaṭa (pot) + utkaca (raised hair/bald)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• utkaca – raised hair, standing hair, bald
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: ut (up, out) + kaca (hair)

इति (iti) - marking the name given (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - indeed, particle for past tense

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here with 'abhavat' (imperfect) for emphasis, not to change tense.

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)