महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-143, verse-13

आपदस्तरणे प्राणान्धारयेद्येन येन हि ।
सर्वमादृत्य कर्तव्यं तद्धर्ममनुवर्तता ॥१३॥

13. āpadastaraṇe prāṇāndhārayedyena yena hi ,
sarvamādṛtya kartavyaṁ taddharmamanuvartatā.

13. āpadaḥ taraṇe prāṇān dhārayed yena yena hi
sarvam ādṛtya kartavyam tat dharmam anuvartatā

13. Indeed, in order to overcome calamity, one should preserve their life by any means whatsoever. Everything must be done with respect by one who follows that intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• आपदः (āpadaḥ) - from calamity, from misfortune, from danger

• तरणे (taraṇe) - in crossing, in overcoming, in passing

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, life-breaths, vital airs

• धारयेद् (dhārayed) - one should sustain, one should preserve

• येन (yena) - by which, by means of which

• येन (yena) - by whatever means (repetition for emphasis) (by which, by means of which)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• आदृत्य (ādṛtya) - having regarded, having honored, respectfully

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, proper to be done

• तत् (tat) - that

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), constitution, duty

• अनुवर्तता (anuvartatā) - by one who follows, by one who conforms

Words meanings and morphology

आपदः (āpadaḥ) - from calamity, from misfortune, from danger

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

तरणे (taraṇe) - in crossing, in overcoming, in passing

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of taraṇa

taraṇa - crossing, passing over, overcoming

From root tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, life-breaths, vital airs

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

धारयेद् (dhārayed) - one should sustain, one should preserve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

येन (yena) - by which, by means of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

येन (yena) - by whatever means (repetition for emphasis) (by which, by means of which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Can also be accusative

आदृत्य (ādṛtya) - having regarded, having honored, respectfully

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root dṛ (to honor, to regard) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, proper to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, proper, duty

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root kṛ with suffix -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be accusative

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be accusative

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), constitution, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

अनुवर्तता (anuvartatā) - by one who follows, by one who conforms

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anuvartat

anuvartat - following, conforming, acting in accordance with

Present Active Participle

From root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn) with upasarga anu (after, along)

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)