महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-143, verse-14

आपत्सु यो धारयति धर्मं धर्मविदुत्तमः ।
व्यसनं ह्येव धर्मस्य धर्मिणामापदुच्यते ॥१४॥

14. āpatsu yo dhārayati dharmaṁ dharmaviduttamaḥ ,
vyasanaṁ hyeva dharmasya dharmiṇāmāpaducyate.

14. āpatsu yaḥ dhārayati dharmam dharmaviduttamaḥ
vyasanam hi eva dharmasya dharmiṇām āpat ucyate

14. He who, as the best among the knowers of natural law (dharma), upholds natural law (dharma) even in calamities – it is indeed said that the misfortune befalling those who uphold natural law (dharma) is the very calamity of natural law (dharma) itself.

Words meanings summery:

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in dangers, in misfortunes

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• धारयति (dhārayati) - sustains, preserves, maintains, observes

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), constitution, duty

• धर्मविदुत्तमः (dharmaviduttamaḥ) - the best among those who know natural law (dharma)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

• एव (eva) - certainly, just, only

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of the natural law (dharma), of duty

• धर्मिणाम् (dharmiṇām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma), of the righteous

• आपत् (āpat) - calamity, misfortune, danger

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in dangers, in misfortunes

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

धारयति (dhārayati) - sustains, preserves, maintains, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dhṛ

Causative

Causative form of root dhṛ (to hold, to bear)

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), constitution, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

धर्मविदुत्तमः (dharmaviduttamaḥ) - the best among those who know natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaviduttama

dharmaviduttama - best knower of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharmavid+uttama)

• dharmavid – knower of natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dharma and root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, addiction, bad habit

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of the natural law (dharma), of duty

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

धर्मिणाम् (dharmiṇām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma), of the righteous

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmin

dharmin - righteous, virtuous, one who observes natural law (dharma)

Derived from dharma with suffix -in

आपत् (āpat) - calamity, misfortune, danger

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Passive voice

Passive form of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)