महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-111, verse-10

गच्छन्त्यौ शैलराजेऽस्मिन्राजपुत्र्यौ कथं त्विमे ।
न सीदेतामदुःखार्हे मा गमो भरतर्षभ ॥१०॥

10. gacchantyau śailarāje'sminrājaputryau kathaṁ tvime ,
na sīdetāmaduḥkhārhe mā gamo bharatarṣabha.

10. gacchantyau śailarāje asmin rājaputryau katham tu
ime na sīdetām aduḥkhārhe mā gamaḥ bharatarṣabha

10. How will these two princesses, who are undeserving of hardship, journey on this king of mountains? O foremost among the Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), do not proceed!

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन्त्यौ (gacchantyau) - going, proceeding (dual feminine)

• शैलराजे (śailarāje) - on the king of mountains (i.e. Himalaya)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this

• राजपुत्र्यौ (rājaputryau) - Kunti and Madri (the two princesses)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• इमे (ime) - these two (feminine)

• न (na) - not, no

• सीदेताम् (sīdetām) - may they (two) languish, suffer, become dejected

• अदुःखार्हे (aduḥkhārhe) - undeserving of suffering, not accustomed to hardship

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive)

• गमः (gamaḥ) - go, proceed (prohibited)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Pandu (O bull among Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन्त्यौ (gacchantyau) - going, proceeding (dual feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, dual of gacchant

gacchant - going, proceeding

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājaputryau' and 'ime'.

शैलराजे (śailarāje) - on the king of mountains (i.e. Himalaya)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śailarāja

śailarāja - king of mountains, Himalaya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaila+rāja)

• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Himalaya.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'śailarāje'.

राजपुत्र्यौ (rājaputryau) - Kunti and Madri (the two princesses)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of rājaputrī

rājaputrī - princess, king's daughter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putrī)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putrī – daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to Kunti and Madri.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the question.

इमे (ime) - these two (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'rājaputryau'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सीदेताम् (sīdetām) - may they (two) languish, suffer, become dejected

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sad

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Connected with 'na', implies "may they not suffer".

अदुःखार्हे (aduḥkhārhe) - undeserving of suffering, not accustomed to hardship

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, dual of aduḥkhārha

aduḥkhārha - not deserving of pain/suffering

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+duḥkha+arha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy of
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'rājaputryau' and 'ime'.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with a verb (often aorist or imperative) for prohibition.

गमः (gamaḥ) - go, proceed (prohibited)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Pandu (O bull among Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: A common epithet for Pandu.