योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-42

अचेतनं विदुर्मोक्षं ज्ञं प्रत्येवोपदेशगीः ।
त्यागो हि कर्मणां तस्मादादेहं नोपपद्यते ॥ ४२ ॥

acetanaṃ vidurmokṣaṃ jñaṃ pratyevopadeśagīḥ ,
tyāgo hi karmaṇāṃ tasmādādehaṃ nopapadyate 42

42. acetanam viduḥ mokṣam jñam prati eva upadeśa-gīḥ
tyāgaḥ hi karmaṇām tasmāt ā-deham na upapadyate

42. acetanam mokṣam viduḥ.
upadeśa-gīḥ jñam prati eva (asti).
tasmāt hi karmaṇām tyāgaḥ ā-deham na upapadyate.

42. They declare the unconscious state to be liberation (mokṣa); however, this teaching is only for the knower. Therefore, the abandonment of actions (karma) is indeed not possible for one who is embodied.

Words meanings summery:

• अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, inert, inanimate

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand, they consider

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation, release, emancipation, freedom

• ज्ञम् (jñam) - knower, conscious one, intelligent person

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, for, regarding, in relation to

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, precisely

• उपदेश-गीः (upadeśa-gīḥ) - instruction, teaching, advice, doctrine

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment, sacrifice

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• आ-देहम् (ā-deham) - until the body, as long as the body exists, up to the body

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is possible, is appropriate, occurs, arises

Words meanings and morphology

अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, inert, inanimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, inert, inanimate, insentient

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+cetana)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• cetana – conscious, animate, sentient
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation, release, emancipation, freedom

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, salvation, freedom from saṃsāra

Root: muc (class 6)

ज्ञम् (jñam) - knower, conscious one, intelligent person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knower, knowing, intelligent, acquainted with

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, for, regarding, in relation to

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, precisely

(indeclinable)

उपदेश-गीः (upadeśa-gīḥ) - instruction, teaching, advice, doctrine

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upadeśa-gī

upadeśa-gī - speech/utterance of instruction, teaching

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa (upadeśa+gī)

• upadeśa – instruction, teaching, advice, precept
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: diś (class 6)
• gī – speech, song, utterance, word
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gai (class 1)

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment, sacrifice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment, sacrifice, giving up

Root: tyaj (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

(indeclinable)

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, activity, deed, work, ritual, fate

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used here as an indeclinable adverb meaning 'therefore'.

आ-देहम् (ā-deham) - until the body, as long as the body exists, up to the body

(indeclinable)

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (ā+deha)

• ā – until, up to, completely
  indeclinable
• deha – body, corporeal form
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 4)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is possible, is appropriate, occurs, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pad

Derived from root pad- (to go), with prefix upa-, conjugated in middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)