योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-18

मृद्व्यो मसृणतीक्ष्णाग्रा वृत्ता रूढाः पुनःपुनः ।
द्वितीयेन्दुकलाकाराः कलिका नखपङ्क्तयः ॥ १८ ॥

mṛdvyo masṛṇatīkṣṇāgrā vṛttā rūḍhāḥ punaḥpunaḥ ,
dvitīyendukalākārāḥ kalikā nakhapaṅktayaḥ 18

18. mṛdvyaḥ masṛṇatīkṣṇāgrāḥ vṛttāḥ rūḍhāḥ punaḥpunaḥ
dvitīyendukalākārāḥ kalikāḥ nakhapaṅktayaḥ

18. nakhapaṅktayaḥ kalikāḥ mṛdvyaḥ masṛṇatīkṣṇāgrāḥ
vṛttāḥ rūḍhāḥ punaḥpunaḥ dvitīyendukalākārāḥ

18. The rows of nails, which are like buds, are soft, smooth and sharp-tipped, rounded, repeatedly grown, and resemble the crescent of the second lunar digit.

Words meanings summery:

• मृद्व्यः (mṛdvyaḥ) - soft (describing the nails) (soft, tender, delicate)

• मसृणतीक्ष्णाग्राः (masṛṇatīkṣṇāgrāḥ) - whose tips are smooth and sharp (describing the nails) (having smooth and sharp tips)

• वृत्ताः (vṛttāḥ) - rounded (describing the shape of the nails) (rounded, circular, happened, occurred)

• रूढाः (rūḍhāḥ) - grown (referring to nails that grow out) (grown, ascended, arisen)

• पुनःपुनः (punaḥpunaḥ) - repeatedly (emphasizing the continuous growth of nails) (repeatedly, again and again)

• द्वितीयेन्दुकलाकाराः (dvitīyendukalākārāḥ) - shaped like the crescent moon of the second day (a common poetic simile for nails) (resembling the second digit of the moon)

• कलिकाः (kalikāḥ) - like buds (referring to the nail rows, suggesting delicacy and potential) (buds, unblown flowers)

• नखपङ्क्तयः (nakhapaṅktayaḥ) - rows of fingernails (rows of nails)

Words meanings and morphology

मृद्व्यः (mṛdvyaḥ) - soft (describing the nails) (soft, tender, delicate)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, tender, delicate, gentle

Root: mṛd

मसृणतीक्ष्णाग्राः (masṛṇatīkṣṇāgrāḥ) - whose tips are smooth and sharp (describing the nails) (having smooth and sharp tips)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of masṛṇatīkṣṇāgra

masṛṇatīkṣṇāgra - having smooth and sharp tips

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (masṛṇa+tīkṣṇa+agra)

• masṛṇa – smooth, polished, soft
  adjective (masculine)
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pointed
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: tij
• agra – tip, point, front, summit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aj (class 1)

वृत्ताः (vṛttāḥ) - rounded (describing the shape of the nails) (rounded, circular, happened, occurred)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vṛtta

vṛtta - rounded, circular, existing, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

रूढाः (rūḍhāḥ) - grown (referring to nails that grow out) (grown, ascended, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rūḍha

rūḍha - grown, ascended, arisen, well-established

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ruh' (to grow, ascend)

Root: ruh (class 1)

पुनःपुनः (punaḥpunaḥ) - repeatedly (emphasizing the continuous growth of nails) (repeatedly, again and again)

(indeclinable)

द्वितीयेन्दुकलाकाराः (dvitīyendukalākārāḥ) - shaped like the crescent moon of the second day (a common poetic simile for nails) (resembling the second digit of the moon)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dvitīyendukalākāra

dvitīyendukalākāra - resembling the second digit of the moon, crescent-shaped

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvitīya+indu+kalā+ākāra)

• dvitīya – second
  adjective (masculine)
• indu – moon
  noun (masculine)
  Root: und (class 1)
• kalā – digit (of the moon), part, art
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कलिकाः (kalikāḥ) - like buds (referring to the nail rows, suggesting delicacy and potential) (buds, unblown flowers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kalikā

kalikā - bud, unblown flower

Note: Here used as an adjective for 'nakhapaṅktayaḥ'.

नखपङ्क्तयः (nakhapaṅktayaḥ) - rows of fingernails (rows of nails)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nakhapaṅkti

nakhapaṅkti - row of nails

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nakha+paṅkti)

• nakha – nail, claw
  noun (masculine)
• paṅkti – row, line, series, verse
  noun (feminine)
  Root: paj (class 1)