योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-31

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अस्य राघव सूक्ष्मस्य कर्मणो वेदनात्मनः ।
कस्त्यागः किमनुष्ठानं यावद्देहमिति स्थितम् ॥ ३१ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
asya rāghava sūkṣmasya karmaṇo vedanātmanaḥ ,
kastyāgaḥ kimanuṣṭhānaṃ yāvaddehamiti sthitam 31

31. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca asya rāghava sūkṣmasya karmaṇaḥ
vedanā-ātmanaḥ kaḥ tyāgaḥ kim anuṣṭhānam yāvat deham iti sthitam

31. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca rāghava asya sūkṣmasya vedanā-ātmanaḥ
karmaṇaḥ kaḥ tyāgaḥ kim anuṣṭhānam yāvat deham iti sthitam

31. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: O Rāghava, what is the renunciation (tyāga) of this subtle action (karma), which is essentially perception (vedanātman)? And what is its proper performance (anuṣṭhāna) as long as one remains embodied? This is the situation (or, This is the question).

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a venerable sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अस्य (asya) - of this

• राघव (rāghava) - O descendant of Raghu, O Rāma

• सूक्ष्मस्य (sūkṣmasya) - of the subtle

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed

• वेदना-आत्मनः (vedanā-ātmanaḥ) - of that whose nature is perception, of the essence of perception

• कः (kaḥ) - what, who

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• अनुष्ठानम् (anuṣṭhānam) - performance, practice, observance, carrying out

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as

• देहम् (deham) - body

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• स्तितम् (stitam) - established, situated, existing, remaining

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a venerable sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - Venerable Vasiṣṭha (a famous Vedic sage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, revered, holy
  noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense form.

अस्य (asya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Refers to `karmaṇaḥ`.

राघव (rāghava) - O descendant of Raghu, O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

From raghu + aṇ suffix

Note: Addressing Rāma.

सूक्ष्मस्य (sūkṣmasya) - of the subtle

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, ethereal

Note: Agrees with `karmaṇaḥ`.

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of action

From root kṛ 'to do' + man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वेदना-आत्मनः (vedanā-ātmanaḥ) - of that whose nature is perception, of the essence of perception

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vedanā-ātman

vedanā-ātman - that whose nature is perception, having perception as its essence

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vedanā+ātman)

• vedanā – perception, sensation, feeling, knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid 'to know' + ana suffix
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `karmaṇaḥ`.

कः (kaḥ) - what, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, referring to `tyāgaḥ`.

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice, giving up

From root tyaj 'to abandon' + ghañ suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, referring to `anuṣṭhānam`.

अनुष्ठानम् (anuṣṭhānam) - performance, practice, observance, carrying out

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuṣṭhāna

anuṣṭhāna - performance, practice, observance, carrying out, ritual

From anu-√sthā 'to perform' + ana suffix

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

Note: Accusative of duration, "as long as the body (is there)".

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the conclusion of a statement or thought.

स्तितम् (stitam) - established, situated, existing, remaining

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, established, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā 'to stand' + kta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Implicitly, "This situation is established."