योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-2, verse-7

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
पृच्छामि यदहं तत्त्वं कथयाशु ममानघ ।
यदि जानासि तत्त्वेन कर्म तावत्किमुच्यते ॥ ७ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
pṛcchāmi yadahaṃ tattvaṃ kathayāśu mamānagha ,
yadi jānāsi tattvena karma tāvatkimucyate 7

7. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca pṛcchāmi yat ahaṃ tattvaṃ kathaya āśu
mama anagha yadi jānāsi tattvena karma tāvat kim ucyate

7. anagha ahaṃ yat tattvaṃ pṛcchāmi mama āśu kathaya
yadi jānāsi tattvena karma tāvat kim ucyate

7. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: "O sinless one (anagha), quickly tell me the essential truth (tattva) that I ask of you. If you truly understand, what precisely is meant by action (karma)?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - The revered sage Vasiṣṭha, Śrī Vasiṣṭha

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• अहं (ahaṁ) - I, myself

• तत्त्वं (tattvaṁ) - essential truth (tattva) (truth, reality, principle, essence)

• कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (anagha), addressed to Rāma (O sinless one!, O faultless one!)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know, you understand

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially, thoroughly

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)

• तावत् (tāvat) - then, so much, meanwhile, in that measure

• किम् (kim) - what?, how?, why?

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is meant

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - The revered sage Vasiṣṭha, Śrī Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - An honorific name for Vasiṣṭha, one of the most revered Vedic sages, preceptor of Rāma.

Karmadhāraya compound: 'śrī' (auspicious, glorious) + 'vasiṣṭha' (Vasiṣṭha).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – Prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, auspiciousness; a respectful prefix.
  noun/adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha, a celebrated Vedic sage; best, most excellent.
  proper noun (masculine)
  Superlative of 'vasu' (good), meaning 'most excellent'.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ), active voice, third person singular.

Irregular perfect tense form of the root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pracch

Present indicative, active voice, first person singular.

From the root 'pracch'.

Root: pracch (class 6)

Note: Subject is 'aham' (I).

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - Which, what, that (relative pronoun), whoever, whatever.

Neuter accusative singular relative pronoun.

अहं (ahaṁ) - I, myself

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself (first person singular pronoun).

First person singular pronoun, nominative case.

तत्त्वं (tattvaṁ) - essential truth (tattva) (truth, reality, principle, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - Reality, truth, essence, principle, true nature, element, category.

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tva' forming an abstract noun.

Note: Object of 'pṛcchāmi' and 'kathaya'.

कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Imperative, active voice, second person singular.

From the root 'kath' (often treated as a denominative verb from 'kathā').

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The implied subject is 'you' (Rāma).

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the verb 'kathaya'.

मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, myself (first person singular pronoun).

Genitive/dative singular form of the first person pronoun 'aham'.

Note: Functions as a dative complement, 'tell to me'.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (anagha), addressed to Rāma (O sinless one!, O faultless one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - Sinless, faultless, pure, blameless, innocent.

Nan-tatpuruṣa compound: 'an-' (negative prefix) + 'agha' (sin, fault).

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (an+agha)

• an – Not, non-, un- (negative prefix, used before vowels).
  prefix/indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• agha – Sin, fault, evil, distress, pain, impurity.
  noun (neuter)

Note: Vasiṣṭha addresses Rāma with this epithet.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Conjunction, introducing a conditional clause.

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know, you understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present indicative, active voice, second person singular.

From the root 'jñā' of class 9.

Root: jñā (class 9)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially, thoroughly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - Reality, truth, essence, principle, true nature, element, category.

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tva' forming an abstract noun.

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying 'jānāsi'.

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - Action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of actions.

From the root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.

तावत् (tāvat) - then, so much, meanwhile, in that measure

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-vat'.

किम् (kim) - what?, how?, why?

(interrogative pronoun)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is meant

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present indicative, passive voice, third person singular.

Passive form of the root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'karma'.