योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-180, verse-41

सप्तद्वीपसमुद्रमुद्रितदिश भोक्तुं समग्रां महीं विप्रः पादपलम्बितेन वपुषा तप्त्वोर्ध्वपादस्तपः ।
संप्राप्याभिमतं वरं दिनकृतो विश्वस्य चाह्नां त्रयं सार्धं मत्सुहृदा स्वमेवसदनं गन्तुं प्रवृत्तोऽभवत् ॥ ४१ ॥

saptadvīpasamudramudritadiśa bhoktuṃ samagrāṃ mahīṃ vipraḥ pādapalambitena vapuṣā taptvordhvapādastapaḥ ,
saṃprāpyābhimataṃ varaṃ dinakṛto viśvasya cāhnāṃ trayaṃ sārdhaṃ matsuhṛdā svamevasadanaṃ gantuṃ pravṛtto'bhavat 41

41. saptadvīpasamudramudritadiśa bhoktum samagrām mahīm vipraḥ
pādapalambitena vapuṣā taptvā ūrdhvāpādaḥ tapaḥ samprāpya
abhimatam varam dinakṛtaḥ viśvasya ca ahnām trayam
sārdham matsuhṛdā svam eva sadanam gantum pravṛttaḥ abhavat

41. vipraḥ pādapalambitena vapuṣā ūrdhvāpādaḥ tapaḥ taptvā
saptadvīpasamudramudritadiśa samagrām mahīm ahnām trayam
bhoktum dinakṛtaḥ ca viśvasya abhimatam varam samprāpya
matsuhṛdā sārdham svam eva sadanam gantum pravṛttaḥ abhavat

41. The Brahmin, having performed severe austerity (tapas) by hanging upside down with his body suspended by his feet, and having fully obtained his desired boon from the sun and the universe — which was to rule the entire earth, whose directions are demarcated by seven islands and oceans, for three days together with my friend — then set out to return to his own dwelling.

Words meanings summery:

• सप्तद्वीपसमुद्रमुद्रितदिश (saptadvīpasamudramudritadiśa) - whose directions are demarcated by seven islands and oceans (having its directions sealed/marked by seven islands and oceans)

• भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to rule (to eat, to enjoy, to rule)

• समग्राम् (samagrām) - the entire (entire, whole, complete)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (earth, ground)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - The Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, inspired one)

• पादपलम्बितेन (pādapalambitena) - with his body suspended by his feet (with feet suspended, hanging by the feet)

• वपुषा (vapuṣā) - with his body (with a body, by means of a body)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (having performed (tapas), having heated)

• ऊर्ध्वापादः (ūrdhvāpādaḥ) - with feet upwards (hanging upside down) (with feet upwards, head downwards (in a yogic posture))

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

• सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having fully obtained (having fully obtained, having reached)

• अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - his desired (desired, wished, approved)

• वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, blessing, excellent)

• दिनकृतः (dinakṛtaḥ) - from the sun (the maker of days) (of the sun (maker of days))

• विश्वस्य (viśvasya) - and of the universe (of the universe, of all)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अह्नाम् (ahnām) - of days

• त्रयम् (trayam) - a period of three (days) (triad, group of three)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (with, together with)

• मत्सुहृदा (matsuhṛdā) - with my friend

• स्वम् (svam) - his own (own, one's own)

• एव (eva) - just, indeed (emphasizing 'own') (just, only, indeed)

• सदनम् (sadanam) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, house)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, to move, to reach)

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - began, set out (set out, began, engaged in)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, set out (implied) (became, happened, was)

Words meanings and morphology

सप्तद्वीपसमुद्रमुद्रितदिश (saptadvīpasamudramudritadiśa) - whose directions are demarcated by seven islands and oceans (having its directions sealed/marked by seven islands and oceans)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saptadvīpasamudramudritadiś

saptadvīpasamudramudritadiś - having its quarters marked by seven islands and oceans

Bahuvrīhi compound. "sapta-dvīpa-samudra-mudrita-diś".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sapta+dvīpa+samudra+mudrita+diś)

• sapta – seven
  numeral
• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)
• samudra – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• mudrita – sealed, marked, stamped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √mudr (to seal, mark) + kta.
  Root: mudr (class 10)
• diś – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies `mahīm`.

भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to rule (to eat, to enjoy, to rule)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √bhuj (to enjoy, to eat, to rule) + tumun.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

समग्राम् (samagrām) - the entire (entire, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samagra

samagra - entire, whole, complete, all

From sam- + agra (tip, front).

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - The Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, inspired one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - inspired, a sage, a Brahmin, a priest

Root: vip

पादपलम्बितेन (pādapalambitena) - with his body suspended by his feet (with feet suspended, hanging by the feet)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pādapalambita

pādapalambita - suspended by the feet, hanging by the feet

Tatpuruṣa compound 'pāda' (foot) + 'avalambita' (suspended). 'avalambita' is a PPP from ava- + √lamb (to hang).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+avalambita)

• pāda – foot
  noun (masculine)
• avalambita – hung down, suspended, dependent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ava- + √lamb (to hang, suspend) + kta.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: lamb (class 1)

वपुषा (vapuṣā) - with his body (with a body, by means of a body)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure

Root: vap (class 1)

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (having performed (tapas), having heated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √tap (to heat, to practice austerity) + ktvā.

Root: tap (class 1)

ऊर्ध्वापादः (ūrdhvāpādaḥ) - with feet upwards (hanging upside down) (with feet upwards, head downwards (in a yogic posture))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvāpāda

ūrdhvāpāda - having feet upwards, head downwards (as a form of tapas)

Bahuvrīhi compound 'ūrdhva' (upward) + 'pāda' (foot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+pāda)

• ūrdhva – upward, elevated, high
  adjective (masculine)
• pāda – foot
  noun (masculine)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, spiritual fervor, austerity, penance

Root: tap (class 1)

सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having fully obtained (having fully obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From sam- + pra- + root √āp (to obtain) + lyap.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - his desired (desired, wished, approved)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhimata

abhimata - desired, wished, agreeable, approved

Past Passive Participle

From abi- + root √man (to think) + kta.

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, blessing, excellent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दिनकृतः (dinakṛtaḥ) - from the sun (the maker of days) (of the sun (maker of days))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dinakṛt

dinakṛt - maker of day, the sun

Tatpuruṣa compound 'dina' (day) + 'kṛt' (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dina+kṛt)

• dina – day
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) + kvip.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

विश्वस्य (viśvasya) - and of the universe (of the universe, of all)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of viśva

viśva - all, every, whole, universe

Note: Denotes origin or recipient of something (the boon being 'from' the universe).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Joins `dinakṛtaḥ` and `viśvasya`.

अह्नाम् (ahnām) - of days

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of ahan

ahan - day

n-stem neuter noun.

Note: Used with `trayam` to mean "a period of three days".

त्रयम् (trayam) - a period of three (days) (triad, group of three)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of traya

traya - a triad, a group of three

Denominative suffix to form a collective noun from tri (three).

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use. Governs instrumental case.

मत्सुहृदा (matsuhṛdā) - with my friend

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of matsuhṛd

matsuhṛd - my friend

Tatpuruṣa compound 'mat' (my) + 'suhṛd' (friend).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+suhṛd)

• mat – my, mine
  pronoun
  Genitive singular of asmad.
• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)

स्वम् (svam) - his own (own, one's own)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Reflexive possessive adjective.

एव (eva) - just, indeed (emphasizing 'own') (just, only, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सदनम् (sadanam) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, house)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sadana

sadana - dwelling, abode, house, seat

Verbal Noun

From root √sad (to sit, settle) + -ana suffix.

Root: sad (class 1)

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, to move, to reach)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √gam (to go) + tumun.

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - began, set out (set out, began, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged in, set out

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + root √vṛt (to turn, exist) + kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, set out (implied) (became, happened, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

From root √bhū (to be), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)