योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-180, verse-19

पृष्टश्च कोऽसि भगवन्किमर्थं दारुणं तपः ।
करोषीदं विशालाक्ष लक्ष्यालक्ष्यात्मजीवितः ॥ १९ ॥

pṛṣṭaśca ko'si bhagavankimarthaṃ dāruṇaṃ tapaḥ ,
karoṣīdaṃ viśālākṣa lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvitaḥ 19

19. pṛṣṭaḥ ca kaḥ asi bhagavan kim artham dāruṇam
tapaḥ karoṣi idam viśālākṣa lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvitaḥ

19. ca pṛṣṭaḥ: he bhagavan,
he viśālākṣa,
lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvitaḥ (tvam) kaḥ asi? kim artham idam dāruṇam tapaḥ karoṣi?

19. And when I asked, 'Who are you, O venerable one? For what purpose are you performing this severe asceticism (tapas), O broad-eyed one, whose very self (ātman) is at times visible and at times invisible?'

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - when asked (by me, implied) (asked, interrogated)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• असि (asi) - you are

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O revered one, O divine one, O venerable one)

• किम् (kim) - what (for) (what, why)

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, meaning, object)

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - severe (harsh, severe, dreadful)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas) (penance, asceticism, heat)

• करोषि (karoṣi) - you perform (you do, you make, you perform)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

• विशालाक्ष (viśālākṣa) - O broad-eyed one

• लक्ष्यालक्ष्यात्मजीवितः (lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvitaḥ) - whose very self (ātman) is at times visible and at times invisible (whose life is visible and invisible)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - when asked (by me, implied) (asked, interrogated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, requested

Past Passive Participle

derived from root √prach (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: functions as an indeclinable here, meaning 'when asked' or 'being asked'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

2nd person singular, present active

Root: as (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O revered one, O divine one, O venerable one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: used as a respectful address

किम् (kim) - what (for) (what, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: functions as an interrogative adverb here, 'why' or 'for what purpose'

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, meaning, object)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth

Root: ṛ

Note: often used adverbially with `kim` to mean 'for what purpose'

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - severe (harsh, severe, dreadful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - harsh, severe, dreadful, formidable

Root: dṛ

Note: agrees with `tapaḥ`

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance (tapas) (penance, asceticism, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, asceticism, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

करोषि (karoṣi) - you perform (you do, you make, you perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Indicative

2nd person singular, present active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: refers to the penance

विशालाक्ष (viśālākṣa) - O broad-eyed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viśālākṣa

viśālākṣa - broad-eyed, having large eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśāla+akṣi)

• viśāla – broad, wide, large
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

लक्ष्यालक्ष्यात्मजीवितः (lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvitaḥ) - whose very self (ātman) is at times visible and at times invisible (whose life is visible and invisible)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvita

lakṣyālakṣyātmajīvita - whose self/life is sometimes perceivable, sometimes unperceivable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (lakṣya+alakṣya+ātman+jīvita)

• lakṣya – visible, perceivable, target
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  derived from root √lakṣ (to perceive, observe)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)
• alakṣya – invisible, unperceivable
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  derived from root √lakṣ (to perceive, observe), with negative prefix 'a'
  Prefix: a
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• jīvita – life, living, livelihood
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root √jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the person being addressed, agreeing in vocative singular masculine.