योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-20

स कालदेशतो देहाज्जर्जरत्वमुपागतात् ।
वासनावशतो याति प्लक्षपर्णाद्रसो यथा ॥ २० ॥

sa kāladeśato dehājjarjaratvamupāgatāt ,
vāsanāvaśato yāti plakṣaparṇādraso yathā 20

20. saḥ kāla deśataḥ dehāt jarjaratvam upāgatāt
vāsanā vaśataḥ yāti plakṣa parṇāt rasaḥ yathā

20. saḥ kāla deśataḥ jarjaratvam upāgatāt dehāt
vāsanā vaśataḥ yāti plakṣa parṇāt rasaḥ yathā

20. He departs from a body that has become decrepit due to time and place, compelled by the power of his inherent tendencies (vāsanā), just as sap drains from a fig tree leaf.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul). (he, that)

• काल (kāla) - The factor of time that causes decay. (time)

• देशतः (deśataḥ) - Due to the influence of place or environment. The suffix '-tas' applies to the entire implied compound 'kāla-deśa'. (from place, by means of place, due to place)

• देहात् (dehāt) - The jīva departs from this physical body. (from the body)

• जर्जरत्वम् (jarjaratvam) - The state of being old and decaying. (decrepitude, worn-out state)

• उपागतात् (upāgatāt) - From a body that has attained decrepitude. (from having obtained, from having reached)

• वासना (vāsanā) - The latent impressions and desires that drive actions. (inherent tendency (vāsanā), desire)

• वशतः (vaśataḥ) - Compelled by the influence of vāsanās. (due to the power of, by the control of)

• याति (yāti) - The jīva departs from the body. (goes, departs, moves)

• प्लक्ष (plakṣa) - A specific type of fig tree (Ficus infectoria or Ficus religiosa). (fig tree, holy fig tree)

• पर्णात् (parṇāt) - From the leaf of the fig tree. (from a leaf)

• रसः (rasaḥ) - The sap or vital fluid that leaves a decaying leaf. (sap, juice, essence)

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, in the manner that)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul). (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

काल (kāla) - The factor of time that causes decay. (time)

(noun)

masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, appropriate time

Root: kal (class 10)

देशतः (deśataḥ) - Due to the influence of place or environment. The suffix '-tas' applies to the entire implied compound 'kāla-deśa'. (from place, by means of place, due to place)

(indeclinable)

The adverbial suffix '-tas' is applied to the compound 'kāla-deśa', making the whole phrase an indeclinable adverb meaning 'due to time and place'.

Root: diś (class 6)

देहात् (dehāt) - The jīva departs from this physical body. (from the body)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body

Root: dih (class 1)

जर्जरत्वम् (jarjaratvam) - The state of being old and decaying. (decrepitude, worn-out state)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jarjaratva

jarjaratva - decrepitude, infirmity, worn-out state

Derived from 'jarjara' (decrepit) + suffix -tva

Root: jṝ (class 1)

उपागतात् (upāgatāt) - From a body that has attained decrepitude. (from having obtained, from having reached)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, obtained, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' with upasargas 'upa' and 'ā'

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

वासना (vāsanā) - The latent impressions and desires that drive actions. (inherent tendency (vāsanā), desire)

(noun)

feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - impression, inherent tendency, latent desire, perfume

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell, perfume)

Root: vas (class 1)

वशतः (vaśataḥ) - Compelled by the influence of vāsanās. (due to the power of, by the control of)

(indeclinable)

The adverbial suffix '-tas' is applied to the compound 'vāsanā-vaśa', making the whole phrase an indeclinable adverb meaning 'due to the power of vāsanā'.

Root: vaś (class 2)

याति (yāti) - The jīva departs from the body. (goes, departs, moves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yā

Present Active Indic

Root 'yā' (2nd class), present tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: yā (class 2)

प्लक्ष (plakṣa) - A specific type of fig tree (Ficus infectoria or Ficus religiosa). (fig tree, holy fig tree)

(noun)

masculine, singular of plakṣa

plakṣa - holy fig tree, Ficus infectoria

Root: plakṣ (class 1)

पर्णात् (parṇāt) - From the leaf of the fig tree. (from a leaf)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of parṇa

parṇa - leaf, feather

Root: pṛ (class 9)

रसः (rasaḥ) - The sap or vital fluid that leaves a decaying leaf. (sap, juice, essence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, sap, taste, essence, emotion

Root: ras (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)