योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-55, verse-19

स कृष्यते वासनया रज्वेव पशुपोतकः ।
स तिष्ठति शरीरान्तः पञ्जरे विहगो यथा ॥ १९ ॥

sa kṛṣyate vāsanayā rajveva paśupotakaḥ ,
sa tiṣṭhati śarīrāntaḥ pañjare vihago yathā 19

19. saḥ kṛṣyate vāsanayā rajvā iva paśupotakaḥ saḥ
tiṣṭhati śarīra antaḥ pañjare vihagaḥ yathā

19. saḥ vāsanayā kṛṣyate rajvā iva paśupotakaḥ saḥ
śarīra antaḥ tiṣṭhati pañjare vihagaḥ yathā

19. He is drawn by his inherent tendencies (vāsanā), just as a young animal by a rope. He resides within the body, just as a bird in a cage.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul) from the previous verse. (he, that)

• कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - Is compelled or influenced. (is drawn, is pulled, is attracted)

• वासनया (vāsanayā) - By the subconscious imprints of past actions and desires (vāsanā). (by inherent tendencies (vāsanā), by desires, by impressions)

• रज्वा (rajvā) - by a rope

• इव (iva) - Introduces a comparison. (like, as, just as)

• पशुपोतकः (paśupotakaḥ) - A young animal easily led by a rope. (young animal, cub)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul). (he, that)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - Resides or is present. (stands, remains, exists)

• शरीर (śarīra) - The physical body, considered a cage for the soul. (body)

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - Within the confines of the body. (inside, within)

• पञ्जरे (pañjare) - In a cage, as a metaphor for the body. (in a cage, in an enclosure)

• विहगः (vihagaḥ) - The bird confined in a cage, representing the jīva. (bird)

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, in the manner that)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul) from the previous verse. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - Is compelled or influenced. (is drawn, is pulled, is attracted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of kṛṣ

Present Passive Indic

Root 'kṛṣ' (1st class), present tense, 3rd person singular, ātmanepada (passive)

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

वासनया (vāsanayā) - By the subconscious imprints of past actions and desires (vāsanā). (by inherent tendencies (vāsanā), by desires, by impressions)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - impression, inherent tendency, latent desire, perfume

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell, perfume)

Root: vas (class 1)

रज्वा (rajvā) - by a rope

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rajju

rajju - rope, cord

इव (iva) - Introduces a comparison. (like, as, just as)

(indeclinable)

पशुपोतकः (paśupotakaḥ) - A young animal easily led by a rope. (young animal, cub)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśupotaka

paśupotaka - young animal, cub

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśu+potaka)

• paśu – animal, beast, cattle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: paś (class 1)
• potaka – young of an animal, cub
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jīva (individual soul). (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - Resides or is present. (stands, remains, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of sthā

Present Active Indic

Root 'sthā' (1st class), present tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: sthā (class 1)

शरीर (śarīra) - The physical body, considered a cage for the soul. (body)

(noun)

neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, frame

Root: śṛ (class 1)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - Within the confines of the body. (inside, within)

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially here. The stem 'antas' is typically neuter.

पञ्जरे (pañjare) - In a cage, as a metaphor for the body. (in a cage, in an enclosure)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pañjara

pañjara - cage, framework, skeleton

विहगः (vihagaḥ) - The bird confined in a cage, representing the jīva. (bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihaga

vihaga - bird

Compound 'vi' (away) + 'haga' (goer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+haga)

• vi – apart, away
  indeclinable
• haga – goer, moving
  noun (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)