योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-41, verse-8

एकस्मिन्विद्यमाने हि कुतः शोकः कुतः क्षतिः ।
कुतो देहः क्व संसारः क्व स्थितिः क्व भयाभये ॥ ८ ॥

ekasminvidyamāne hi kutaḥ śokaḥ kutaḥ kṣatiḥ ,
kuto dehaḥ kva saṃsāraḥ kva sthitiḥ kva bhayābhaye 8

8. ekasmin vidyamāne hi kutaḥ śokaḥ kutaḥ kṣatiḥ
kutaḥ dehaḥ kva saṃsāraḥ kva sthitiḥ kva bhayābhaye

8. hi ekasmin vidyamāne,
kutaḥ śokaḥ? kutaḥ kṣatiḥ? kutaḥ dehaḥ? kva saṃsāraḥ? kva sthitiḥ? kva bhayābhaye?

8. Indeed, when there is only one existent reality, from where could there be sorrow, or loss, or a body? Where then would be the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra), or separate existence, or even fear and fearlessness?

Words meanings summery:

• एकस्मिन् (ekasmin) - when there is one existent reality (in one, in a single)

• विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) - when one reality exists (when existing, while being present)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

• क्षतिः (kṣatiḥ) - loss, injury, harm, destruction

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body

• क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

• संसारः (saṁsāraḥ) - transmigration, cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)

• क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

• स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - separate or limited existence (state, position, existence, stability)

• क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

• भयाभये (bhayābhaye) - the duality of fear and non-fear (fear and fearlessness, security and insecurity)

Words meanings and morphology

एकस्मिन् (ekasmin) - when there is one existent reality (in one, in a single)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, sole

Numeral/Indefinite pronoun

Note: Often used for 'sole reality' in philosophical contexts

विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) - when one reality exists (when existing, while being present)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vidyamāna

vidyamāna - existing, being present, existent

Present Active Participle (middle voice)

From root 'vid' (to be, to exist), present participle, middle voice, masculine, locative singular

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with ekasmin

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial interrogative particle

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

From root 'śuc' (to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Interrogative usage

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial interrogative particle

क्षतिः (kṣatiḥ) - loss, injury, harm, destruction

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣati

kṣati - loss, damage, injury, destruction

From root 'kṣi' (to destroy, diminish)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Interrogative usage

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where could there be? (whence? from where?)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial interrogative particle

देहः (dehaḥ) - body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, existence

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Interrogative usage

क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb of place

संसारः (saṁsāraḥ) - transmigration, cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence

From 'sam-sṛ' (to flow together, run through)

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Interrogative usage

क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb of place

स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - separate or limited existence (state, position, existence, stability)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, staying, position, state, existence, stability

From root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Interrogative usage

क्व (kva) - where would there be? (where? anywhere)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb of place

भयाभये (bhayābhaye) - the duality of fear and non-fear (fear and fearlessness, security and insecurity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of bhayābhaya

bhayābhaya - fear and fearlessness

Dvandva compound 'bhaya-abhaya'

Compound type : dvandva (bhaya+abhaya)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'bhī' (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• abhaya – fearlessness, security
  noun (neuter)
  Negative compound 'a-bhaya'
  Prefix: a

Note: Interrogative usage

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