योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-55, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
इत्याकर्ण्य तदा तत्र रात्रावालपनं द्वयोः ।
अहं रघुकुलाकाशशशाङ्क रघुनन्दन ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
ityākarṇya tadā tatra rātrāvālapanaṃ dvayoḥ ,
ahaṃ raghukulākāśaśaśāṅka raghunandana 1

1. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca iti ākarṇya tadā tatra rātrau ālāpanam
dvayoḥ aham raghu-kula-ākāśa-śaśāṅka raghu-nandana

1. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca: he raghu-nandana! he raghu-kula-ākāśa-śaśāṅka! tadā tatra rātrau dvayoḥ ālāpanam iti ākarṇya,
aham.
.
.

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: O Rāma, scion of Raghu, moon of the Raghu dynasty's sky! Having heard the conversation of those two at that time, there, during the night, I...

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - Sage Vasiṣṭha (the venerable Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• इति (iti) - thus, indicating direct speech (thus, in this way, so saying (marks direct speech or thought))

• आकर्ण्य (ākarṇya) - having heard

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night (at night, in the night)

• आलापनम् (ālāpanam) - conversation (conversation, speaking, discourse)

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of the two (persons mentioned in the preceding context) (of the two)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Vasiṣṭha) (I)

• रघु-कुल-आकाश-शशाङ्क (raghu-kula-ākāśa-śaśāṅka) - O moon of the Raghu dynasty's sky (an epithet for Rāma) (O moon of the sky of the Raghu family)

• रघु-नन्दन (raghu-nandana) - O scion of Raghu (an epithet for Rāma) (O delight of Raghu, O scion of Raghu)

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - Sage Vasiṣṭha (the venerable Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - Sage Vasiṣṭha, the venerable Vasiṣṭha

Note: Compound word treated as a single proper noun.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active, 3rd person singular

Parasmaipada, Perfect tense (lit), 3rd singular, irregular perfect form of 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, indicating direct speech (thus, in this way, so saying (marks direct speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce direct speech, here the words of Vasiṣṭha.

आकर्ण्य (ākarṇya) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Derived from ā-kṛ (to hear) with lyap suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night (at night, in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

आलापनम् (ālāpanam) - conversation (conversation, speaking, discourse)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ālāpana

ālāpana - speaking, conversation, address

verbal noun

Derived from ā-lap (to speak) with -ana suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Object of the gerund 'ākarṇya'.

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of the two (persons mentioned in the preceding context) (of the two)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the two individuals whose conversation was heard.

अहम् (aham) - I (Vasiṣṭha) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Subject of the main clause, which continues in the next verse.

रघु-कुल-आकाश-शशाङ्क (raghu-kula-ākāśa-śaśāṅka) - O moon of the Raghu dynasty's sky (an epithet for Rāma) (O moon of the sky of the Raghu family)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raghu+kula+ākāśa+śaśāṅka)

• raghu – name of a famous king, ancestor of Rama
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• ākāśa – sky, ether, space
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kāś (class 1)
• śaśāṅka – moon (literally 'marked with a hare')
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śaś

Note: Addressed to Rāma.

रघु-नन्दन (raghu-nandana) - O scion of Raghu (an epithet for Rāma) (O delight of Raghu, O scion of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of raghu-nandana

raghu-nandana - delight of Raghu, son of Raghu (an epithet)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – name of a famous king, ancestor of Rama
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root nand (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Rāma, refers to him as a descendant of Raghu.