योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-28, verse-40

चिनोत्युत्पादयत्यत्ति निहत्यासृजति क्रमात् ।
सततं रात्र्यहानीव निवर्तन्ते नरं प्रति ॥ ४० ॥

cinotyutpādayatyatti nihatyāsṛjati kramāt ,
satataṃ rātryahānīva nivartante naraṃ prati 40

40. cinoti utpādayati atti nihatya asṛjati kramāt
satatam rātri-ahanī iva nivartante naram prati

40. (kālaḥ) satatam kramāt cinoti utpādayati atti nihatya asṛjati.
rātri-ahanī iva naram prati nivartante.

40. (The cosmic process or Time) gathers, produces, consumes, and, having destroyed, then creates in succession. These cycles constantly recur for humanity, just like night and day.

Words meanings summery:

• चिनोति (cinoti) - collects, gathers, heaps up, arranges

• उत्पादयति (utpādayati) - produces, generates, causes to be born

• अत्ति (atti) - eats, consumes, devours

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having destroyed, having killed, having struck down

• असृजति (asṛjati) - creates, releases, lets loose

• क्रमात् (kramāt) - successively, in order, by degrees, from sequence

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• रात्रि-अहनी (rātri-ahanī) - night and day

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return, they recur, they turn back

• नरम् (naram) - humanity, people (man, human being)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, concerning, for

Words meanings and morphology

चिनोति (cinoti) - collects, gathers, heaps up, arranges

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ci

Root: ci (class 5)

उत्पादयति (utpādayati) - produces, generates, causes to be born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ut-pad

Causative of root pad with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Causal verb form (Pāṇinian Dhātupāṭha class 10 for causatives, or derived via ṇic suffix).

अत्ति (atti) - eats, consumes, devours

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ad

Root: ad (class 2)

निहत्य (nihatya) - having destroyed, having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni and absolutive suffix -tya

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: This is an absolutive (gerund), indicating an action completed before the main verb.

असृजति (asṛjati) - creates, releases, lets loose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sṛj

The initial 'a' seems to be a phonetic addition or a specific textual variant, as the standard form is 'sṛjati'. Assuming it functions as 'sṛjati'.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: The initial 'a' is unusual for a simple present form of sṛj. It might imply ā-sṛjati (to release unto, to pour forth), but in that case the ā would be long. Sticking to sṛjati as the base meaning for 'creates'.

क्रमात् (kramāt) - successively, in order, by degrees, from sequence

(indeclinable)

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially; originally ablative singular.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Derived from saṃ + tat (to stretch, extend)

Note: Used adverbially (accusative neuter singular form).

रात्रि-अहनी (rātri-ahanī) - night and day

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of rātryahan

rātryahan - night and day

Compound type : dvandva (rātri+ahan)

• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Irregular dual form.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return, they recur, they turn back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ni-vṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नरम् (naram) - humanity, people (man, human being)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ (class 1)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, concerning, for

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative case.

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