योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-28, verse-20

रचयन्रश्मिजालेन रात्र्यहानि पुनःपुनः ।
अतिवाह्य रविः कालो विनाशावधिमीक्षते ॥ २० ॥

racayanraśmijālena rātryahāni punaḥpunaḥ ,
ativāhya raviḥ kālo vināśāvadhimīkṣate 20

20. racayan raśmijālena rātryahāni punaḥpunaḥ
ativāhya raviḥ kālaḥ vināśāvadhīm īkṣate

20. raviḥ kālaḥ raśmijālena punaḥpunaḥ rātryahāni
racayan ativāhya vināśāvadhīm īkṣate

20. Continually forming nights and days with its network of rays, the sun (ravi), which is time (kāla) itself, having passed through them, observes the ultimate limit of destruction (vināśa).

Words meanings summery:

• रचयन् (racayan) - creating, forming, arranging

• रश्मिजालेन (raśmijālena) - by a network of rays

• रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - nights and days

• पुनःपुनः (punaḥpunaḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

• अतिवाह्य (ativāhya) - having passed over/through, having carried away

• रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the sun personified as time (time)

• विनाशावधीम् (vināśāvadhīm) - the limit of destruction

• ईक्षते (īkṣate) - observes, looks at, awaits

Words meanings and morphology

रचयन् (racayan) - creating, forming, arranging

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of racayat

racayat - creating, forming, arranging

Present Active Participle

From root 'rac' (to create, arrange)

Root: rac (class 10)

रश्मिजालेन (raśmijālena) - by a network of rays

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of raśmijāla

raśmijāla - network of rays, mass of rays

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raśmi+jāla)

• raśmi – ray, cord, bridle
  noun (masculine)
• jāla – net, network, web, mass
  noun (neuter)

रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - nights and days

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of rātryahan

rātryahan - nights and days

Compound type : dvandva (rātri+ahan)

• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

पुनःपुनः (punaḥpunaḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : āvṛtti (punaḥ+punaḥ)

• punaḥ – again
  indeclinable
• punaḥ – again
  indeclinable

अतिवाह्य (ativāhya) - having passed over/through, having carried away

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'vah' with prefix 'ati'

Prefix: ati

Root: vah (class 1)

रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - the sun

कालः (kālaḥ) - the sun personified as time (time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, dark blue

Note: In apposition to 'raviḥ', meaning 'the sun, which is time'.

विनाशावधीम् (vināśāvadhīm) - the limit of destruction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśāvadhi

vināśāvadhi - limit of destruction, end of ruin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vināśa+avadhi)

• vināśa – destruction, ruin, annihilation (vināśa)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)
• avadhi – limit, boundary, term
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: dha (class 3)

ईक्षते (īkṣate) - observes, looks at, awaits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

1st class verb, middle voice

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

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