योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-28, verse-30

आगमापायपरया क्षणसंस्थितिनाशया ।
न बिभेति हि संसारे धीरोऽपि क इवानया ॥ ३० ॥

āgamāpāyaparayā kṣaṇasaṃsthitināśayā ,
na bibheti hi saṃsāre dhīro'pi ka ivānayā 30

30. āgama-apāya-parayā kṣaṇa-saṃsthiti-nāśayā na
bibheti hi saṃsāre dhīraḥ api kaḥ iva anayā

30. āgama-apāya-parayā kṣaṇa-saṃsthiti-nāśayā
anayā saṃsāre dhīraḥ api kaḥ iva na bibheti hi

30. Who, even if courageous, would indeed not fear this [nature of existence] in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) which is ultimately characterized by beginning and end, and whose stability is destroyed in an instant?

30. נוכח תופעה זו של בא וחלף, שבה כל קיום נמשך רק רגע ונעלם, מי אפילו מבין החכמים שבַּסַּמְסָארָה לא יחוש יראה?

Words meanings summery:

• आगम-अपाय-परया (āgama-apāya-parayā) - ultimately characterized by beginning and end (having arrival and departure as supreme/principal)

• क्षण-संस्थिति-नाशया (kṣaṇa-saṁsthiti-nāśayā) - whose stability is destroyed in an instant (having its stability/existence destroyed in a moment)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• बिभेति (bibheti) - fears (fears, is afraid)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (in the world, in the cycle of transmigration)

• धीरः (dhīraḥ) - courageous (person) (courageous, steadfast, wise person)

• अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• इव (iva) - (rhetorical question indicator) (like, as, as if)

• अनया (anayā) - by this (referring to the impermanent nature described) (by this (feminine))

Words meanings and morphology

आगम-अपाय-परया (āgama-apāya-parayā) - ultimately characterized by beginning and end (having arrival and departure as supreme/principal)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of āgamāpāyapara

āgamāpāyapara - having arrival and departure as supreme/principal

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āgama+apāya+para)

• āgama – arrival, coming, origin
  noun (masculine)
• apāya – departure, cessation, end
  noun (masculine)
• para – supreme, ultimate, highest, next, other
  adjective (feminine)

Note: Modifies an implied feminine noun, likely referring to the nature of saṃsāra, or agreeing with 'anayā'.

क्षण-संस्थिति-नाशया (kṣaṇa-saṁsthiti-nāśayā) - whose stability is destroyed in an instant (having its stability/existence destroyed in a moment)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣaṇasaṃsthiti-nāśa

kṣaṇasaṁsthiti-nāśa - having its stability/existence destroyed in a moment

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣaṇa+saṃsthiti+nāśa)

• kṣaṇa – moment, instant
  noun (masculine)
• saṃsthiti – stability, existence, abiding, firm state
  noun (feminine)
• nāśa – destruction, perishing, loss
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies an implied feminine noun, likely referring to the nature of saṃsāra, or agreeing with 'anayā'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

बिभेति (bibheti) - fears (fears, is afraid)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Present Indicative

3rd singular, present active, reduplicated class 3 verb, parasmaipada

Root: bhī (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (in the world, in the cycle of transmigration)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - cycle of transmigration, mundane existence, world

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - courageous (person) (courageous, steadfast, wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - courageous, steadfast, wise, a brave or firm person

अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to convey 'even if X'.

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

इव (iva) - (rhetorical question indicator) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often accompanies interrogatives to form rhetorical questions (e.g., 'who indeed would...').

अनया (anayā) - by this (referring to the impermanent nature described) (by this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (near speaker)

Note: Refers to the feminine qualities of constant change and momentary existence described by the preceding adjectives.

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