योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-5

अनायासकदर्थिन्या गृहीते जरसा जने ।
पलाय्य गच्छति प्रज्ञा सपत्न्येवाहताङ्गना ॥ ५ ॥

anāyāsakadarthinyā gṛhīte jarasā jane ,
palāyya gacchati prajñā sapatnyevāhatāṅganā 5

5. anāyāsa-kadarthinyā gṛhīte jarasā jane palāyya
gacchati prajñā sapatnyā iva āhata-aṅganā

5. anāyāsa-kadarthinyā jarasā jane gṛhīte (sati),
prajñā sapatnyā āhata-aṅganā iva palāyya gacchati

5. When a person is seized by old age, that effortless tormentor, wisdom (prajñā) flees, just like a woman who has been beaten by her co-wife.

Words meanings summery:

• अनायास-कदर्थिन्या (anāyāsa-kadarthinyā) - by the effortless tormentor, by the one who troubles without effort

• गृहीते (gṛhīte) - when seized, when taken hold of

• जरसा (jarasā) - by old age, by decay

• जने (jane) - when a person (in a person, for a person)

• पलाय्य (palāyya) - having fled, running away

• गच्छति (gacchati) - flees, runs away (goes, leaves)

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intellect, understanding (prajñā)

• सपत्न्या (sapatnyā) - by a co-wife

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आहत-अङ्गना (āhata-aṅganā) - a beaten woman, a woman who is struck

Words meanings and morphology

अनायास-कदर्थिन्या (anāyāsa-kadarthinyā) - by the effortless tormentor, by the one who troubles without effort

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of anāyāsa-kadarthinī

anāyāsa-kadarthin - an effortless tormentor/oppressor

Compound type : tatpurusha (anāyāsa+kadarthin)

• anāyāsa – without effort, easy
  adjective
• kadarthin – tormenting, oppressing, humiliating
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -in

Note: Refers to Jarā (old age), which is feminine.

गृहीते (gṛhīte) - when seized, when taken hold of

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - seized, caught, taken

Past Passive Participle

Root: grah (class 9)

जरसा (jarasā) - by old age, by decay

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jaras

jaras - old age, decay, decrepitude

जने (jane) - when a person (in a person, for a person)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, people

पलाय्य (palāyya) - having fled, running away

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'palā'

Prefix: palā

Root: i (class 2)

गच्छति (gacchati) - flees, runs away (goes, leaves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intellect, understanding (prajñā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, discrimination, insight

सपत्न्या (sapatnyā) - by a co-wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sapatnī

sapatnī - co-wife, rival wife

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आहत-अङ्गना (āhata-aṅganā) - a beaten woman, a woman who is struck

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āhata-aṅganā

āhata-aṅganā - a woman who is struck/beaten

Compound type : tatpurusha (āhata+aṅganā)

• āhata – struck, beaten, hurt
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)
• aṅganā – woman
  noun (feminine)