योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-15

सायंसंध्यां प्रजातां वै तमः समनुधावति ।
जरां वपुषि दृष्ट्वैव मृतिः समनुधावति ॥ १५ ॥

sāyaṃsaṃdhyāṃ prajātāṃ vai tamaḥ samanudhāvati ,
jarāṃ vapuṣi dṛṣṭvaiva mṛtiḥ samanudhāvati 15

15. sāyaṃ-saṃdhyām prajātām vai tamaḥ samanudhavati
jarām vapuṣi dṛṣṭvā eva mṛtiḥ samanudhavati

15. vai prajātām sāyaṃ-saṃdhyām tamaḥ samanudhavati (yathā),
(tathā) vapuṣi jarām dṛṣṭvā eva mṛtiḥ samanudhavati

15. Indeed, darkness closely follows the arisen evening twilight. Similarly, death closely follows upon seeing old age in the body.

Words meanings summery:

• सायं-संध्याम् (sāyaṁ-saṁdhyām) - evening twilight

• प्रजाताम् (prajātām) - having appeared, arisen (arisen, produced, born)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom

• समनुधवति (samanudhavati) - follows closely, pursues, runs after

• जराम् (jarām) - old age, decrepitude, decay

• वपुषि (vapuṣi) - in the body, on the body

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• मृतिः (mṛtiḥ) - death, dying

• समनुधवति (samanudhavati) - follows closely, pursues, runs after

Words meanings and morphology

सायं-संध्याम् (sāyaṁ-saṁdhyām) - evening twilight

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sāyaṃsaṃdhyā

sāyaṁsaṁdhyā - evening twilight, evening prayers

Compound type : Tatpurusha (sāyaṃ+saṃdhyā)

• sāyaṃ – evening, in the evening
  indeclinable
• saṃdhyā – twilight, junction (of day and night), evening time
  noun (feminine)

प्रजाताम् (prajātām) - having appeared, arisen (arisen, produced, born)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajāta

prajāta - born, produced, arisen, manifested

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born, produce) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'sāyaṃsaṃdhyām'.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (in Sāṅkhya)

समनुधवति (samanudhavati) - follows closely, pursues, runs after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anu-dhā

Root dhā (to place, put) with prefixes sam and anu.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: dhā (class 3)

जराम् (jarām) - old age, decrepitude, decay

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

Root: jṛ (class 1)

वपुषि (vapuṣi) - in the body, on the body

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure, personal appearance

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

मृतिः (mṛtiḥ) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mṛti

mṛti - death, dying, the act of dying

Action noun

Derived from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

समनुधवति (samanudhavati) - follows closely, pursues, runs after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anu-dhā

Root dhā (to place, put) with prefixes sam and anu.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: dhā (class 3)