योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-33

दण्डतृतीयपादेन प्रस्खलन्ती मुहुर्मुहुः ।
कासाधोवायुमुरजा जरा योषित्प्रनृत्यति ॥ ३३ ॥

daṇḍatṛtīyapādena praskhalantī muhurmuhuḥ ,
kāsādhovāyumurajā jarā yoṣitpranṛtyati 33

33. daṇḍatṛtīyapādena praskhalantī muhurmuhuḥ
kāsādovāyumurajā jarā yoṣit pranṛtyati

33. jarā yoṣit daṇḍatṛtīyapādena muhurmuhuḥ
praskhalantī kāsādovāyumurajā pranṛtyati

33. Old age (jarā), personified as a woman, dances, stumbling repeatedly and leaning on a staff as her third leg, with her coughs and flatulence serving as her drums (muraja).

33. כשהיא מועדת שוב ושוב בעזרת מקל ההליכה המשמש לה כרגל שלישית, לקול תופי השיעול ופליטות האוויר, אשת הזקנה רוקדת לה.

Words meanings summery:

• दण्डतृतीयपादेन (daṇḍatṛtīyapādena) - Describing how old age (personified) walks, relying on a staff like an extra leg. (with a staff as a third leg, with the staff as its third foot)

• प्रस्खलन्ती (praskhalantī) - Describes the unsteady gait of old age. (stumbling, slipping, faltering)

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly, incessantly

• कासादोवायुमुरजा (kāsādovāyumurajā) - Metaphorically, the sounds of old age (coughs, flatulence) are depicted as musical accompaniment for its dance. (having coughs and flatulence as drums)

• जरा (jarā) - Personified as a woman. (old age, decrepitude)

• योषित् (yoṣit) - Used to personify old age as a female dancer. (woman, female)

• प्रनृत्यति (pranṛtyati) - dances, begins to dance, dances prominently

Words meanings and morphology

दण्डतृतीयपादेन (daṇḍatṛtīyapādena) - Describing how old age (personified) walks, relying on a staff like an extra leg. (with a staff as a third leg, with the staff as its third foot)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of daṇḍatṛtīyapāda

daṇḍatṛtīyapāda - having a staff as a third leg

Bahuvrīhi compound: daṇḍa (staff) + tṛtīya (third) + pāda (foot/leg).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daṇḍa+tṛtīya+pāda)

• daṇḍa – staff, stick, rod, punishment
  noun (masculine)
• tṛtīya – third
  numeral adjective
  From tri (three) + tīya suffix
• pāda – foot, leg, quarter
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as an adverbial phrase describing jarā yoṣit.

प्रस्खलन्ती (praskhalantī) - Describes the unsteady gait of old age. (stumbling, slipping, faltering)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praskhalant

praskhalant - stumbling, slipping, faltering

Present Active Participle

From root skhal (to stumble) with upasarga pra (forth, greatly)

Prefix: pra

Root: skhal (class 1)

Note: Acts as a present participle describing the subject.

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly, incessantly

(indeclinable)

Iterative compound of muhuḥ (repeatedly).

कासादोवायुमुरजा (kāsādovāyumurajā) - Metaphorically, the sounds of old age (coughs, flatulence) are depicted as musical accompaniment for its dance. (having coughs and flatulence as drums)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāsādovāyumurajā

kāsādovāyumurajā - having coughs and flatulence as drums

Bahuvrīhi compound: kāsa (cough) + adhovāyu (flatulence) + muraja (drum). kāsa and adhovāyu form a dvandva, which then combines with muraja in a bahuvrīhi.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāsa+adhovāyu+muraja)

• kāsa – cough, coughing
  noun (masculine)
• adhovāyu – flatulence, downward-moving wind
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: adhas (below) + vāyu (wind).
• muraja – drum, a kind of drum
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies jarā yoṣit.

जरा (jarā) - Personified as a woman. (old age, decrepitude)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

From root jṛ (to waste away, grow old).

Root: jṛ (class 1)

योषित् (yoṣit) - Used to personify old age as a female dancer. (woman, female)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yoṣit

yoṣit - woman, female, girl, wife

Root: yuṣ

Note: In apposition to jarā.

प्रनृत्यति (pranṛtyati) - dances, begins to dance, dances prominently

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pranṛtyati

Present tense, 3rd person singular

From root nṛt (to dance) with upasarga pra (forth, greatly, prominently).

Prefix: pra

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

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