योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-31

न जिताः शत्रुभिः संख्ये प्रविष्टा येऽद्रिकोटरे ।
ते जराजीर्णराक्षस्या पश्याशु विजिता मुने ॥ ३१ ॥

na jitāḥ śatrubhiḥ saṃkhye praviṣṭā ye'drikoṭare ,
te jarājīrṇarākṣasyā paśyāśu vijitā mune 31

31. na jitāḥ śatrubhiḥ saṅkhye praviṣṭāḥ ye adrikoṭare
te jarājīrṇarākṣasyā paśya āśu vijitāḥ mune

31. mune paśya ye śatrubhiḥ saṅkhye na jitāḥ,
adrikoṭare praviṣṭāḥ te jarājīrṇarākṣasyā āśu vijitāḥ

31. O sage, behold! Those who were not conquered by enemies in battle, even when they entered mountain caves, are swiftly vanquished by the decrepit female demon (rākṣasī) of old age (jarā).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated, overcome

• शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle, in combat

• प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - Those who entered mountain caves. (having entered, who entered)

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• अद्रिकोटरे (adrikoṭare) - in a mountain cave, in the cavity of a mountain

• ते (te) - Refers back to 'ye' (those who). (they, those)

• जराजीर्णराक्षस्या (jarājīrṇarākṣasyā) - By old age (jarā) personified as a worn-out female demon (rākṣasī). (by the old and decrepit female demon, by the demoness worn out by old age)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, vanquished, completely won

• मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jita

jita - conquered, won, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, adversary

Note: Denotes agent of the passive action.

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṅkhya

saṅkhya - battle, war, fight, number

From sam + khyā (to count/declare), referring to a multitude or a conflict.

Root: khyā (class 2)

प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - Those who entered mountain caves. (having entered, who entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra (forth, into)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying ye.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of the relative clause.

अद्रिकोटरे (adrikoṭare) - in a mountain cave, in the cavity of a mountain

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of adrikoṭara

adrikoṭara - mountain cave, a cavern in a mountain

Tatpuruṣa compound: adri (mountain) + koṭara (cavity, hollow).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adri+koṭara)

• adri – mountain, rock, stone
  noun (masculine)
• koṭara – cavity, hollow, cave, hole
  noun (neuter)

ते (te) - Refers back to 'ye' (those who). (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlative pronoun for ye.

जराजीर्णराक्षस्या (jarājīrṇarākṣasyā) - By old age (jarā) personified as a worn-out female demon (rākṣasī). (by the old and decrepit female demon, by the demoness worn out by old age)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarājīrṇarākṣasī

jarājīrṇarākṣasī - old and decrepit female demon

Karmadhāraya/Tatpuruṣa compound: jarā (old age) + jīrṇa (worn out) + rākṣasī (female demon). jīrṇa describes rākṣasī.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jarā+jīrṇa+rākṣasī)

• jarā – old age, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
  From root jṛ (to waste away)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• jīrṇa – worn out, decrepit, old, digested
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jṝ (to wear out)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• rākṣasī – female demon, demoness
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of rākṣasa

Note: Agent of the passive verb vijitāḥ.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Imperative, 2nd person singular

From root dṛś (to see), with paśya as the irregular stem in present tense and imperative.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, vanquished, completely won

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vijita

vijita - conquered, vanquished, completely won, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root ji (to conquer) with upasarga vi (completely, thoroughly)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for te.

मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint