योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-23

परिपक्वं समालोक्य जराक्षारविधूसरम् ।
शिरःकूष्माण्डकं भुङ्क्ते पुंसां कालः किलेश्वरः ॥ २३ ॥

paripakvaṃ samālokya jarākṣāravidhūsaram ,
śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakaṃ bhuṅkte puṃsāṃ kālaḥ kileśvaraḥ 23

23. paripakvam samālokya jarākṣāravidhūsaram |
śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam bhuṅkte puṃsām kālaḥ kila īśvaraḥ ||

23. kila kālaḥ puṃsām īśvaraḥ,
jarākṣāravidhūsaram paripakvam śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam samālokya (kālaḥ) bhuṅkte.

23. Indeed, Time (kāla) is the lord (īśvara) of people. Having observed the head, which is like a gourd (kūṣmāṇḍaka) fully ripened and grayed by the corrosive effects of old age (jarā), Time (kāla) consumes it.

Words meanings summery:

• परिपक्वम् (paripakvam) - fully ripened (fully ripened, mature, cooked)

• समालोक्य (samālokya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

• जराक्षारविधूसरम् (jarākṣāravidhūsaram) - grayed by the corrosive effects of old age (grayed by the caustic/alkali of old age)

• शिरःकूष्माण्डकम् (śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam) - the head, likened to a gourd (head-gourd (metaphor for head))

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - consumes (eats, consumes, enjoys, protects)

• पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of people (of men, of males, of persons)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (time, destiny, god of death)

• किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, it is said, forsooth)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord (lord, master, god)

Words meanings and morphology

परिपक्वम् (paripakvam) - fully ripened (fully ripened, mature, cooked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paripakva

paripakva - fully ripened, cooked, mature

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pac' (to cook, ripen) with upasarga 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam'.

समालोक्य (samālokya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'lok' (to see) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: lok (class 10)

जराक्षारविधूसरम् (jarākṣāravidhūsaram) - grayed by the corrosive effects of old age (grayed by the caustic/alkali of old age)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jarākṣāravidhūsara

jarākṣāravidhūsara - grayed by the caustic of old age

Compound type : tatpurusha (jarā+kṣāra+vidhūsara)

• jarā – old age, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
• kṣāra – alkali, caustic, corrosive, saline
  noun (masculine)
• vidhūsara – very gray, whitened, dust-colored
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'dhūsara' (gray) with intensive prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi

Note: Modifies 'śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam'.

शिरःकूष्माण्डकम् (śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍakam) - the head, likened to a gourd (head-gourd (metaphor for head))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍaka

śiraḥkūṣmāṇḍaka - head-gourd

Compound type : tatpurusha (śiras+kūṣmāṇḍaka)

• śiras – head, top
  noun (neuter)
• kūṣmāṇḍaka – gourd, pumpkin, white gourd
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samālokya' and 'bhuṅkte'.

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - consumes (eats, consumes, enjoys, protects)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of people (of men, of males, of persons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, person, soul

Note: Possessive, 'of men'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (time, destiny, god of death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, death, appropriate time

Note: Subject of 'bhuṅkte'.

किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, it is said, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord (lord, master, god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, god

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'kālaḥ'.