योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-17

शून्यं नगरमाभाति भाति च्छिन्नलतो द्रुमः ।
भात्यनावृष्टिमान्देशो न जराजर्जरं वपुः ॥ १७ ॥

śūnyaṃ nagaramābhāti bhāti cchinnalato drumaḥ ,
bhātyanāvṛṣṭimāndeśo na jarājarjaraṃ vapuḥ 17

17. śūnyam nagaram ābhāti bhāti chinna-lataḥ drumaḥ
bhāti anāvṛṣṭimān deśaḥ na jarā-jarjaram vapuḥ

17. śūnyam nagaram ābhāti; chinna-lataḥ drumaḥ bhāti; anāvṛṣṭimān
deśaḥ bhāti; (kintu) jarā-jarjaram vapuḥ na (bhāti)

17. An empty city appears desolate, a tree with severed creepers looks dismal, and a drought-stricken land appears bleak – but a body worn out by old age does not (shine or appear to have any vibrancy).

17. עיר ריקה מאדם עוד עשויה להיראות נסבלת, עץ שנגדעו מטפסיו יכול להיראות סביר, ואפילו חבל ארץ המוכה בצורת – אך לא גוף המפורק לגמרי מחרפת הזקנה!

Words meanings summery:

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty, void, desolate, deserted

• नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

• आभाति (ābhāti) - appears desolate/bleak (shines, appears, looks)

• भाति (bhāti) - looks dismal/bleak (shines, appears, looks)

• छिन्न-लतः (chinna-lataḥ) - having severed creepers, from which creepers are cut off

• द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

• भाति (bhāti) - looks bleak (shines, appears, looks)

• अनावृष्टिमान् (anāvṛṣṭimān) - without rain, drought-stricken, having no rain

• देशः (deśaḥ) - country, region, place

• न (na) - not, no

• जरा-जर्जरम् (jarā-jarjaram) - worn out by old age, decaying with old age, decrepit due to old age

• वपुः (vapuḥ) - body, form, figure

Words meanings and morphology

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty, void, desolate, deserted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, vacant, deserted, desolate, non-existent

Note: Modifies 'nagaram'.

नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

आभाति (ābhāti) - appears desolate/bleak (shines, appears, looks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ā-bhā

Root bhā (to shine) with prefix ā (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: bhā (class 2)

भाति (bhāti) - looks dismal/bleak (shines, appears, looks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

छिन्न-लतः (chinna-lataḥ) - having severed creepers, from which creepers are cut off

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnalata

chinnalata - having severed creepers/vines, whose creepers are cut

Bahuvrihi compound: chinna (cut, severed) + latā (creeper).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (chinna+latā)

• chinna – cut, severed, broken, pierced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root chid (to cut, cleave).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• latā – creeper, vine, tendril
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'drumaḥ'.

द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree, wood

भाति (bhāti) - looks bleak (shines, appears, looks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

अनावृष्टिमान् (anāvṛṣṭimān) - without rain, drought-stricken, having no rain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anāvṛṣṭimat

anāvṛṣṭimat - drought-stricken, without rain, affected by drought

Derived from anāvṛṣṭi (absence of rain) with the possessive suffix -mat (matup).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (within anāvṛṣṭi) (an+āvṛṣṭi)

• an – not, without (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• āvṛṣṭi – rainfall, shower
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'deśaḥ'.

देशः (deśaḥ) - country, region, place

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - country, region, place, spot

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जरा-जर्जरम् (jarā-jarjaram) - worn out by old age, decaying with old age, decrepit due to old age

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jarājarjara

jarājarjara - worn out by old age, decrepit with age, decaying

Tatpurusha compound: jarā (old age) + jarjara (decrepit, worn out).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (jarā+jarjara)

• jarā – old age, decay, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• jarjara – decrepit, worn out, shattered, broken down
  adjective (neuter)
  Reduplication of root jṛ (to decay, wear out) indicating intensity.
  Root: jṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vapuḥ'.

वपुः (vapuḥ) - body, form, figure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure, personal appearance

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