योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-17, verse-47

अहो बत महच्चित्रं तृष्णामपि महाधियः ।
दुच्छेदामपि कृन्तन्ति विवेकेनामलासिना ॥ ४७ ॥

aho bata mahaccitraṃ tṛṣṇāmapi mahādhiyaḥ ,
ducchedāmapi kṛntanti vivekenāmalāsinā 47

47. aho bata mahat citram tṛṣṇām api mahā-dhiyaḥ
ducchedām api kṛntanti vivekena amala-asinā

47. Oh, alas, it is a great wonder! Even those of great intellect, with the immaculate sword of discrimination (viveka), cut down craving (tṛṣṇā), even though it is exceedingly difficult to sever.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah! (exclamation)

• बत (bata) - alas!, indeed, oh!

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• चित्रम् (citram) - wonder, marvel, strange thing

• तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire (tṛṣṇā)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• महा-धियः (mahā-dhiyaḥ) - those of great intellect/wisdom

• दुच्छेदाम् (ducchedām) - difficult to cut, hard to sever

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

• कृन्तन्ति (kṛntanti) - they cut, they sever, they tear

• विवेकेन (vivekena) - by discrimination, by discernment (viveka)

• अमल-असिना (amala-asinā) - with the pure sword, with the immaculate sword

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah! (exclamation)

(indeclinable)

बत (bata) - alas!, indeed, oh!

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

चित्रम् (citram) - wonder, marvel, strange thing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citra

citra - wonder, marvel, strange thing; also 'painted, variegated'

तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire (tṛṣṇā)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, desire, longing

Root: Tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb 'kṛntanti'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

महा-धियः (mahā-dhiyaḥ) - those of great intellect/wisdom

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-dhī

mahā-dhī - great intellect, great wisdom

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dhī)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• dhī – intellect, wisdom, thought
  noun (feminine)
  Root: Dhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of the verb 'kṛntanti'.

दुच्छेदाम् (ducchedām) - difficult to cut, hard to sever

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duccheda

duccheda - difficult to cut, hard to sever

Compound of dus (bad, difficult) and cheda (cutting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+cheda)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• cheda – cutting, severing, dividing
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal noun from root chid (to cut)
  Root: Chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'tṛṣṇām'.

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'ducchedām'.

कृन्तन्ति (kṛntanti) - they cut, they sever, they tear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛnt

present active indicative

3rd plural, Parasmaipada, from root Kṛt with nasal infix.

Root: Kṛt (class 6)

विवेकेन (vivekena) - by discrimination, by discernment (viveka)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viveka

viveka - discrimination, discernment, judgment, analysis

From prefix vi- and root vic (to distinguish)

Prefix: vi

Root: Vic (class 7)

Note: Instrument for cutting craving.

अमल-असिना (amala-asinā) - with the pure sword, with the immaculate sword

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amala-asi

amala-asi - pure sword, immaculate sword

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amala+asi)

• amala – pure, spotless, immaculate
  adjective
  Prefix 'a-' (not) + 'mala' (dirt/impurity).
  Prefix: a
• asi – sword, scimitar
  noun (masculine)

Note: Metaphorically describes 'vivekena' as a pure sword.