योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-17, verse-45

रोगार्तिरङ्गनातृष्णा गम्भीरमपि मानवम् ।
उत्तानतां नयन्त्याशु सूर्यांशव इवाम्बुजम् ॥ ४५ ॥

rogārtiraṅganātṛṣṇā gambhīramapi mānavam ,
uttānatāṃ nayantyāśu sūryāṃśava ivāmbujam 45

45. roga-ārtiḥ aṅganā-tṛṣṇā gambhīram api mānavam
uttānatām nayanti āśu sūrya-aṃśavaḥ iva ambujam

45. Pain from illness and the craving for women quickly reduce even a profound human being to superficiality, just as sunbeams cause a lotus to open.

Words meanings summery:

• रोग-आर्तिः (roga-ārtiḥ) - pain from disease, suffering from illness

• अङ्गना-तृष्णा (aṅganā-tṛṣṇā) - desire for women, craving for women

• गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - deep, profound, serious

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• मानवम् (mānavam) - human being, man

• उत्तानताम् (uttānatām) - shallowness, superficiality, flatness

• नयन्ति (nayanti) - they reduce (they lead, they guide, they bring)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• सूर्य-अंशवः (sūrya-aṁśavaḥ) - sunbeams, rays of the sun

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बुजम् (ambujam) - lotus, water-born

Words meanings and morphology

रोग-आर्तिः (roga-ārtiḥ) - pain from disease, suffering from illness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of roga-ārti

roga-ārti - pain from disease, suffering from illness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (roga+ārti)

• roga – disease, sickness, ailment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: Ruj (class 1)
• ārti – pain, suffering, distress
  noun (feminine)
  Root: Ṛ (class 3)

अङ्गना-तृष्णा (aṅganā-tṛṣṇā) - desire for women, craving for women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aṅganā-tṛṣṇā

aṅganā-tṛṣṇā - desire for women, craving for women

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aṅganā+tṛṣṇā)

• aṅganā – woman
  noun (feminine)
• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire, longing
  noun (feminine)
  Root: Tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'nayanti' along with 'roga-ārtiḥ'.

गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - deep, profound, serious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gambhīra

gambhīra - deep, profound, grave, serious

Note: Qualifies 'mānavam'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

मानवम् (mānavam) - human being, man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human being, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from Manu

Note: Object of the verb 'nayanti'.

उत्तानताम् (uttānatām) - shallowness, superficiality, flatness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uttānatā

uttānatā - shallowness, superficiality, flatness, supineness

Derived from uttāna (supine, shallow) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: The state to which the man is led by 'roga-ārtiḥ' and 'aṅganā-tṛṣṇā'.

नयन्ति (nayanti) - they reduce (they lead, they guide, they bring)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nī

present active indicative

3rd plural, Parasmaipada

Root: Nī (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'roga-ārtiḥ aṅganā-tṛṣṇā' (treated as a dual or plural subject).

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

सूर्य-अंशवः (sūrya-aṁśavaḥ) - sunbeams, rays of the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sūrya-aṃśu

sūrya-aṁśu - sunbeam, ray of the sun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+aṃśu)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• aṃśu – ray, beam
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as the subject in the comparison clause (e.g., 'as sunbeams do').

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

अम्बुजम् (ambujam) - lotus, water-born

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ambuja

ambuja - lotus, water-born (lit.)

Derived from ambu (water) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambu+ja)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Suffix -ja from root jan (to be born)
  Root: Jan (class 4)

Note: Object of the implied verb in the simile (e.g., 'cause to open').