वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-9, verse-4

पुत्रि प्रदानकालो ऽयं यौवनं ते ऽतिवर्तते ।
त्वत्कृते च वयं सर्वे यन्त्रिता धर्मबुद्धयः ॥४॥

4. putri pradānakālo'yaṃ yauvanaṃ te'tivartate ,
tvatkṛte ca vayaṃ sarve yantritā dharmabuddhayaḥ.

4. putri pradāna-kālaḥ ayam yauvanam te ativartate
tvat-kṛte ca vayam sarve yantritāḥ dharma-buddhayaḥ

4. putri,
ayam pradāna-kālaḥ.
te yauvanam ativartate.
ca tvat-kṛte vayam sarve dharma-buddhayaḥ yantritāḥ

4. Daughter, this is the time for giving you away (in marriage); your youth is passing. For your sake, all of us, whose intellects are guided by natural law (dharma), are constrained.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter!

• प्रदान-कालः (pradāna-kālaḥ) - time for giving, time for marriage

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth, prime of life

• ते (te) - your, to you

• अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - your youth is passing away (is passing, is transgressing, exceeds)

• त्वत्-कृते (tvat-kṛte) - for your sake, on account of you

• च (ca) - and, also

• वयम् (vayam) - (Viśravas and his family) (we)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• यन्त्रिताः (yantritāḥ) - are constrained (by our sense of natural law) (constrained, restrained, controlled)

• धर्म-बुद्धयः (dharma-buddhayaḥ) - whose intellects are guided by natural law

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrikā

putrikā - daughter, little daughter

प्रदान-कालः (pradāna-kālaḥ) - time for giving, time for marriage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradāna-kāla

pradāna-kāla - time for giving, time for marriage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pradāna+kāla)

• pradāna – giving, offering, donation
  noun (neuter)
  From pra-√dā
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √dā (class 3)
• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth, prime of life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, adolescence, prime of life

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Can also be dative

अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - your youth is passing away (is passing, is transgressing, exceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ativartate

present

3rd person singular, ātmanepada, present tense, from ati-√vṛt

Prefix: ati

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

त्वत्-कृते (tvat-kṛte) - for your sake, on account of you

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvat+kṛta)

• tvat – from you (ablative of yuṣmad)
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made
  participle (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - (Viśravas and his family) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

यन्त्रिताः (yantritāḥ) - are constrained (by our sense of natural law) (constrained, restrained, controlled)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yantrita

yantrita - constrained, controlled, checked

past passive participle

Derived from root √yam

Root: √yam (class 1)

धर्म-बुद्धयः (dharma-buddhayaḥ) - whose intellects are guided by natural law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma-buddhi

dharma-buddhi - whose intellect is in natural law, having a virtuous mind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+buddhi)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)

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