वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-9, verse-13

भद्रे कस्यासि दुहिता कुतो वा त्वमिहागता ।
किं कार्यं कस्य वा हेतोस्तत्त्वतो ब्रूहि शोभने ॥१३॥

13. bhadre kasyāsi duhitā kuto vā tvamihāgatā ,
kiṃ kāryaṃ kasya vā hetostattvato brūhi śobhane.

13. bhadre kasyāḥ asi duhitā kutaḥ vā tvam iha āgatā
kim kāryam kasya vā hetoḥ tattvataḥ brūhi śobhane

13. O auspicious lady, whose daughter are you? From where have you come here? What is your purpose, or for what reason? Tell me the truth, O lovely one.

Words meanings summery:

• भद्रे (bhadre) - O auspicious lady (O auspicious one, O good lady)

• कस्याः (kasyāḥ) - whose (whose (feminine genitive))

• असि (asi) - are (you are)

• दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, whence)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

• आगता (āgatā) - come (come, arrived)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose (purpose, work, duty, to be done)

• कस्य (kasya) - for what (whose, of what, for what (masculine/neuter genitive))

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• हेतोः (hetoḥ) - reason (reason, cause, motive)

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - the truth (truly, in reality, in truth)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - Tell (tell, say)

• शोभने (śobhane) - O lovely one (O beautiful one, O lovely one)

Words meanings and morphology

भद्रे (bhadre) - O auspicious lady (O auspicious one, O good lady)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhadrā

bhadrā - auspicious, good, fortunate lady

Note: Feminine vocative singular.

कस्याः (kasyāḥ) - whose (whose (feminine genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Feminine genitive singular of 'kim'.

असि (asi) - are (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present 2nd person singular active of √as 'to be'

Root: as (class 2)

दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duhitṛ

duhitṛ - daughter

Note: Nominative singular, predicate nominative with 'asi'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, whence)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

आगता (āgatā) - come (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √gam 'to go' with prefix 'ā-'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam', implying 'you have come'.

किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Interrogative pronoun, modifying 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose (purpose, work, duty, to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, work, purpose, duty, action

Gerundive

Gerundive of √kṛ 'to do'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative, implying 'what is your purpose?'

कस्य (kasya) - for what (whose, of what, for what (masculine/neuter genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Genitive singular of 'kim', related to 'hetoḥ'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

हेतोः (hetoḥ) - reason (reason, cause, motive)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Note: Genitive singular, 'for the sake of what reason'.

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - the truth (truly, in reality, in truth)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -taḥ added to tattva (truth, reality)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - Tell (tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brūhi

Imperative 2nd person singular active of √brū 'to speak'

Root: brū (class 2)

शोभने (śobhane) - O lovely one (O beautiful one, O lovely one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of śobhanā

śobhanā - beautiful, lovely, excellent, shining lady

Note: Feminine vocative singular.