वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-9, verse-11

सा तु तां दारुणां वेलामचिन्त्य पितृगौरवात् ।
उपसृत्याग्रतस्तस्य चरणाधोमुखी स्थिता ॥११॥

11. sā tu tāṃ dāruṇāṃ velāmacintya pitṛgauravāt ,
upasṛtyāgratastasya caraṇādhomukhī sthitā.

11. sā tu tām dāruṇām velām acintya pitṛgauravāt
upasṛtya agrataḥ tasya caraṇādhomukhī sthitā

11. But she, disregarding that dreadful time, out of profound respect for her father, approached him and stood before him with her face lowered towards his feet.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (she, that (feminine))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• ताम् (tām) - that (that (feminine accusative))

• दारुणाम् (dāruṇām) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, cruel)

• वेलाम् (velām) - time (time, hour, limit, shore)

• अचिन्त्य (acintya) - disregarding (not considering, disregarding, inconceivable)

• पितृगौरवात् (pitṛgauravāt) - out of profound respect for her father (from reverence for father, due to respect for father)

• उपसृत्य (upasṛtya) - having approached

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

• चरणाधोमुखी (caraṇādhomukhī) - with her face lowered towards his feet (with face downwards towards feet)

• स्थिता (sthitā) - stood (stood, situated, remained)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine accusative singular of 'tad', agreeing with 'velām'.

दारुणाम् (dāruṇām) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, cruel)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh

Note: Feminine accusative singular, agreeing with 'velām'.

वेलाम् (velām) - time (time, hour, limit, shore)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - time, hour, limit, boundary, tide, shore

Note: Direct object of 'acintya' (by implication, 'not regarding').

अचिन्त्य (acintya) - disregarding (not considering, disregarding, inconceivable)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from √cint 'to think' with negative prefix 'a-'

Prefix: a

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Absolutive, indicating an action completed before the main verb 'sthitā'.

पितृगौरवात् (pitṛgauravāt) - out of profound respect for her father (from reverence for father, due to respect for father)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pitṛgaurava

pitṛgaurava - reverence for father, respect for father

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+gaurava)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• gaurava – reverence, respect, dignity, weight
  noun (neuter)
  From guru 'heavy, venerable' with suffix -a

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

उपसृत्य (upasṛtya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from √sṛ 'to go' with prefix 'upa-'

Prefix: upa

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, indicating an action completed before the main verb 'sthitā'.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -taḥ added to agra (front)

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Masculine genitive singular of 'tad', refers to her father.

चरणाधोमुखी (caraṇādhomukhī) - with her face lowered towards his feet (with face downwards towards feet)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of caraṇādhomukha

caraṇādhomukha - face downwards towards feet

Compound type : bahuvrihi (caraṇa+adhas+mukha)

• caraṇa – foot
  noun (masculine)
• adhas – down, downwards
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

स्थिता (sthitā) - stood (stood, situated, remained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √sthā 'to stand'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb here, agreeing with 'sā'.