वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-9, verse-30

विभीषणस्तु धर्मात्मा नित्यं धर्मपथे स्थितः ।
स्वाध्यायनियताहार उवास नियतेन्द्रियः ॥३०॥

30. vibhīṣaṇastu dharmātmā nityaṃ dharmapathe sthitaḥ ,
svādhyāyaniyatāhāra uvāsa niyatendriyaḥ.

30. vibhīṣaṇaḥ tu dharmātmā nityaṃ dharmapathe
sthitaḥ svādhyāyaniyatāhāraḥ uvāsa niyatendriyaḥ

30. Vibhishana, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness, always remained steadfast on the path of natural law (dharma). He lived with disciplined senses and a regulated diet, dedicated to self-study.

Words meanings summery:

• विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhishana

• तु (tu) - merely connective (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - one whose soul is dedicated to righteousness (dharma) (righteous-souled, virtuous, pious)

• नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

• धर्मपथे (dharmapathe) - on the path of dharma, on the path of righteousness

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining steadfast (situated, standing, abiding, firm)

• स्वाध्यायनियताहारः (svādhyāyaniyatāhāraḥ) - with a regulated diet, diligently engaged in self-study (one whose diet is regulated by self-study, one whose food and self-study are regulated)

• उवास (uvāsa) - lived (he lived, he dwelt)

• नियतेन्द्रियः (niyatendriyaḥ) - one with controlled senses

Words meanings and morphology

विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhishana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhishana (brother of Ravana)

तु (tu) - merely connective (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - one whose soul is dedicated to righteousness (dharma) (righteous-souled, virtuous, pious)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose soul is dharma, righteous-souled

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: From dharmātman, irregular nominative singular form.

नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

धर्मपथे (dharmapathe) - on the path of dharma, on the path of righteousness

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharmapatha

dharmapatha - path of righteousness, path of natural law

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+patha)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining steadfast (situated, standing, abiding, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - situated, standing, abiding, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -ta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Vibhīṣaṇaḥ.

स्वाध्यायनियताहारः (svādhyāyaniyatāhāraḥ) - with a regulated diet, diligently engaged in self-study (one whose diet is regulated by self-study, one whose food and self-study are regulated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svādhyāyaniyatāhāra

svādhyāyaniyatāhāra - one who has self-study and regulated diet

Compound type : bahuvrihi (svādhyāya+niyata+āhāra)

• svādhyāya – self-study, recitation of sacred texts
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: su
• niyata – regulated, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ni + yam
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āhāra – food, diet, intake
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Vibhīṣaṇaḥ.

उवास (uvāsa) - lived (he lived, he dwelt)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vas

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active, from root vas (to dwell, class 1)

Root: vas (class 1)

नियतेन्द्रियः (niyatendriyaḥ) - one with controlled senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatendriya

niyatendriya - one with disciplined senses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+indriya)

• niyata – regulated, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ni + yam
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Vibhīṣaṇaḥ.