वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-57, verse-11

स बाल एव सौदासो मृगयामुपचक्रमे ।
चञ्चूर्यमाणं ददृशे स शूरो राक्षसद्वयम् ॥११॥

11. sa bāla eva saudāso mṛgayāmupacakrame ,
cañcūryamāṇaṃ dadṛśe sa śūro rākṣasadvayam.

11. saḥ bālaḥ eva saudāsaḥ mṛgayām upacakrame
cañcūryamāṇam dadṛśe saḥ śūraḥ rākṣasadvayam

11. saḥ saudāsaḥ bālaḥ eva mṛgayām upacakrame
saḥ śūraḥ cañcūryamāṇam rākṣasadvayam dadṛśe

11. While still a child, Saudāsa set out for a hunt. He, the brave one, saw two demons (rākṣasa) roaming around.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Mitrasaha/Saudāsa) (he, that)

• बालः (bālaḥ) - (still) a child (child, young boy, juvenile)

• एव (eva) - (while) still (a child) - emphasizing the 'child' aspect (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - Saudāsa (Mitrasaha) (son of Sudāsa, Saudāsa)

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - (for) hunting (hunting, the chase)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he embarked on (hunting) (he undertook, he commenced, he began)

• चञ्चूर्यमाणम् (cañcūryamāṇam) - roaming about (referring to the two demons) (roaming about, wandering, moving often)

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he saw

• सः (saḥ) - he (the brave Saudāsa) (he, that)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - the brave one (Saudāsa) (brave, heroic, warrior)

• राक्षसद्वयम् (rākṣasadvayam) - two demons (rākṣasa) (a pair of rākṣasas, two rākṣasas)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Mitrasaha/Saudāsa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बालः (bālaḥ) - (still) a child (child, young boy, juvenile)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young, boy, youthful, immature

एव (eva) - (while) still (a child) - emphasizing the 'child' aspect (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - Saudāsa (Mitrasaha) (son of Sudāsa, Saudāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saudāsa

saudāsa - son of Sudāsa, a patronymic name (referring to Mitrasaha)

Derived from sudāsa (Sudāsa) with a patronymic suffix.

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - (for) hunting (hunting, the chase)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, the chase, sport

From mṛga (animal) + ya (suffix).

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he embarked on (hunting) (he undertook, he commenced, he began)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kram

Perfect tense, Atmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root kram (1P/4P/10U). Perfect tense formation.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

चञ्चूर्यमाणम् (cañcūryamāṇam) - roaming about (referring to the two demons) (roaming about, wandering, moving often)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of cañcūryamāṇa

cañcūryamāṇa - moving repeatedly, wandering about, roaming

Intensive (yaṅluk) present participle, middle voice (śānac)

From root cur (to move, steal) in the intensive (yaṅluk) reduplicated form, then present participle (śānac).

Root: cur (class 10)

Note: Agrees with rākṣasadvayam.

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect tense, Atmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root dṛś (1P). Perfect tense formation.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (the brave Saudāsa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शूरः (śūraḥ) - the brave one (Saudāsa) (brave, heroic, warrior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic, a hero, a warrior

राक्षसद्वयम् (rākṣasadvayam) - two demons (rākṣasa) (a pair of rākṣasas, two rākṣasas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rākṣasadvaya

rākṣasadvaya - a pair of demons (rākṣasas), two rākṣasas

Compound: rākṣasa (demon) + dvaya (pair/duo).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+dvaya)

• rākṣasa – demon, evil spirit, related to rākṣasas
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from rakṣas (evil spirit) with aṇ suffix.
• dvaya – pair, couple, duo, two
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from dvi (two).

Note: The singular form of dvaya refers to 'a pair' as a single entity.