वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-81, verse-4

एकं रामं परिक्षिप्य समरे हन्तुमर्हथ ।
प्रहृष्टा शरवर्षेण प्रावृट्काल इवाम्बुदाः ॥४॥

4. ekaṃ rāmaṃ parikṣipya samare hantumarhatha ,
prahṛṣṭā śaravarṣeṇa prāvṛṭkāla ivāmbudāḥ.

4. ekam rāmam parikṣipya samare hantum arhatha
prahr̥ṣṭāḥ śaravarṣeṇa prāvr̥ṭkālaḥ iva ambudāḥ

4. (yūyam) ekam rāmam samare parikṣipya
hantum arhatha (tathā)
prahr̥ṣṭāḥ ambudāḥ iva śaravarṣeṇa
(vavarṣata) prāvr̥ṭkālaḥ (iva)

4. You should surround Rāma alone in battle and kill him, joyfully, like clouds in the monsoon season raining down showers of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• एकम् (ekam) - one, alone, single

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• परिक्षिप्य (parikṣipya) - having surrounded

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to slay

• अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought, are able, should

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टाः (prahr̥ṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed, joyful

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a rain of arrows, by showers of arrows

• प्राव्र्̥ट्कालः (prāvr̥ṭkālaḥ) - rainy season, monsoon period

• इव (iva) - like, as

• अम्बुदाः (ambudāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-givers')

Words meanings and morphology

एकम् (ekam) - one, alone, single

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with 'rāmam'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

परिक्षिप्य (parikṣipya) - having surrounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root 'kṣip' (to throw, cast) with prefix 'pari-'.

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣip (class 6)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to slay

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought, are able, should

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

प्रह्र्̥ष्टाः (prahr̥ṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahr̥ṣṭa

prahr̥ṣṭa - joyful, glad, highly pleased, elated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'hr̥ṣ' (to be delighted, rejoice) with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to the agents (implied 'you' or the rākṣasas).

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a rain of arrows, by showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - rain of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (masculine/neuter)

प्राव्र्̥ट्कालः (prāvr̥ṭkālaḥ) - rainy season, monsoon period

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāvr̥ṭkāla

prāvr̥ṭkāla - rainy season, monsoon season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāvr̥ṣ+kāla)

• prāvr̥ṣ – rainy season
  noun (feminine)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदाः (ambudāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-givers')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (giver of water)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ambu+da)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver
  adjective (masculine)
  Kṛt suffix -da
  Derived from the root 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)