वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-81, verse-3

सर्वे भवन्तः सर्वेण हस्त्यश्वेन समावृताः ।
निर्यान्तु रथसंघैश्च पादातैश्चोपशोभिताः ॥३॥

3. sarve bhavantaḥ sarveṇa hastyaśvena samāvṛtāḥ ,
niryāntu rathasaṃghaiśca pādātaiścopaśobhitāḥ.

3. sarve bhavantaḥ sarveṇa hasty-aśvena samāvṛtāḥ
niryāntu rathasaṃghaiḥ ca pādātaiḥ ca upaśobhitāḥ

3. bhavantaḥ sarve sarveṇa hasty-aśvena samāvṛtāḥ
rathasaṃghaiḥ ca pādātaiḥ ca upaśobhitāḥ niryāntu

3. All of you, accompanied by complete elephant and cavalry divisions, and splendidly equipped with chariot formations and foot soldiers, should set out!

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (plural), honorable sirs

• सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all, with all, complete

• हस्त्य्-अश्वेन (hasty-aśvena) - with elephant and cavalry divisions (by elephants and horses, with elephant and cavalry forces)

• समावृताः (samāvṛtāḥ) - accompanied, equipped (surrounded, covered, equipped, accompanied)

• निर्यान्तु (niryāntu) - they should go forth, let them set out

• रथसंघैः (rathasaṁghaiḥ) - with chariot formations (by throngs of chariots, with chariot formations)

• च (ca) - and

• पादातैः (pādātaiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with infantry

• च (ca) - and

• उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - splendidly equipped, reinforced (adorned, made splendid, graced, reinforced)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (plural), honorable sirs

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you, honorable sir

Present Active Participle (honorific)

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) used as an honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all, with all, complete

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'hasty-aśvena'.

हस्त्य्-अश्वेन (hasty-aśvena) - with elephant and cavalry divisions (by elephants and horses, with elephant and cavalry forces)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hasty-aśva

hasty-aśva - elephants and horses, elephant and cavalry forces

Compound type : dvandva (hastin+aśva)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Treated as a collective singular for the combined forces.

समावृताः (samāvṛtāḥ) - accompanied, equipped (surrounded, covered, equipped, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - covered, surrounded, accompanied, equipped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ā-'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavantaḥ'.

निर्यान्तु (niryāntu) - they should go forth, let them set out

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nir-yā

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

रथसंघैः (rathasaṁghaiḥ) - with chariot formations (by throngs of chariots, with chariot formations)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathasaṃgha

rathasaṁgha - throng of chariots, chariot formation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+saṃgha)

• ratha – chariot, carriage
  noun (masculine)
• saṃgha – multitude, throng, collection, formation
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पादातैः (pādātaiḥ) - by foot soldiers, with infantry

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot soldier, infantry

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - splendidly equipped, reinforced (adorned, made splendid, graced, reinforced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, graced, made splendid, decorated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śubh' (to shine, be splendid) with prefix 'upa-'.

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavantaḥ'.