वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-81, verse-31

ते हताश्वा हतरथाः श्रान्ता विमथितध्वजाः ।
अभिपेतुः पुरीं लङ्कां हतशेषा निशाचराः ॥३१॥

31. te hatāśvā hatarathāḥ śrāntā vimathitadhvajāḥ ,
abhipetuḥ purīṃ laṅkāṃ hataśeṣā niśācarāḥ.

31. te hatāśvāḥ hatarathāḥ śrāntāḥ vimathitadhvajāḥ
abhipetuḥ purīm laṅkām hataśeṣāḥ niśācarāḥ

31. te niśācarāḥ hataśeṣāḥ hatāśvāḥ hatarathāḥ
śrāntāḥ vimathitadhvajāḥ laṅkām purīm abhipetuḥ

31. The remaining Rākṣasas, whose horses and chariots were destroyed, exhausted, and with their banners crushed, fled into the city of Laṅkā.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - The Rākṣasas (they, those)

• हताश्वाः (hatāśvāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their horses killed (whose horses were killed, having dead horses)

• हतरथाः (hatarathāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their chariots destroyed (whose chariots were destroyed, having destroyed chariots)

• श्रान्ताः (śrāntāḥ) - Exhausted Rākṣasas (tired, exhausted, weary)

• विमथितध्वजाः (vimathitadhvajāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their standards shattered (whose banners were crushed/destroyed, having shattered flags)

• अभिपेतुः (abhipetuḥ) - The Rākṣasas fled into Laṅkā (they rushed towards, fled into, attacked)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - The city of Laṅkā (city, town)

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - The city of Laṅkā (Laṅkā (proper name of a city/island))

• हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - The Rākṣasa survivors (those remaining after being killed, survivors)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - The Rākṣasas (demons of Lanka) (night-wanderers, Rākṣasas, demons)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - The Rākṣasas (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

हताश्वाः (hatāśvāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their horses killed (whose horses were killed, having dead horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are killed, having killed horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

हतरथाः (hatarathāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their chariots destroyed (whose chariots were destroyed, having destroyed chariots)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataratha

hataratha - one whose chariots are destroyed, having destroyed chariots

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+ratha)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

श्रान्ताः (śrāntāḥ) - Exhausted Rākṣasas (tired, exhausted, weary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

From root śram (to be weary, tired) + kta suffix

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

विमथितध्वजाः (vimathitadhvajāḥ) - The Rākṣasas with their standards shattered (whose banners were crushed/destroyed, having shattered flags)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimathitadhvaja

vimathitadhvaja - one whose banners are crushed, having shattered flags

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vimathita+dhvaja)

• vimathita – crushed, churned, agitated, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root math (to churn, agitate) with prefix vi + kta suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: math (class 1)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

अभिपेतुः (abhipetuḥ) - The Rākṣasas fled into Laṅkā (they rushed towards, fled into, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of abhipat

Perfect Tense (Lit)

Root pat with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: From root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix abhi.

पुरीम् (purīm) - The city of Laṅkā (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of 'abhipetuḥ'.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - The city of Laṅkā (Laṅkā (proper name of a city/island))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of an island and city, capital of Rāvaṇa)

Note: In apposition to 'purīm'.

हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - The Rākṣasa survivors (those remaining after being killed, survivors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśeṣa

hataśeṣa - remaining from the killed, survivor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, rest, remaining
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - The Rākṣasas (demons of Lanka) (night-wanderers, Rākṣasas, demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, Rākṣasa, demon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, wanderer (from car)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.