वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-70, verse-5

अथायान्तं हनूमन्तं ददर्शर्क्षपतिः पथि ।
वानरैः कृतसंग्रामैः श्वसद्भिरभिसंवृतम् ॥५॥

5. athāyāntaṃ hanūmantaṃ dadarśarkṣapatiḥ pathi ,
vānaraiḥ kṛtasaṃgrāmaiḥ śvasadbhirabhisaṃvṛtam.

5. atha āyāntam hanūmantam dadarśa ṛkṣa-patiḥ pathi
vānaraiḥ kṛta-saṃgrāmaiḥ śvasadbhiḥ abhi-saṃvṛtam

5. atha ṛkṣa-patiḥ pathi kṛta-saṃgrāmaiḥ śvasadbhiḥ
vānaraiḥ abhi-saṃvṛtam āyāntam hanūmantam dadarśa

5. Then, the lord of bears saw Hanūmān on the path, approaching, surrounded by monkeys who had fought battles and were breathing heavily.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching, coming

• हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanūmān (accusative)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, beheld

• ऋक्ष-पतिः (ṛkṣa-patiḥ) - the lord of bears, king of bears

• पथि (pathi) - on the path, in the way

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

• कृत-संग्रामैः (kṛta-saṁgrāmaiḥ) - by battle-hardened monkeys (by those who had fought battles)

• श्वसद्भिः (śvasadbhiḥ) - by panting monkeys (by those who were breathing, panting)

• अभि-संवृतम् (abhi-saṁvṛtam) - surrounded, encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching, coming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - approaching, coming

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root 'yā' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanūmān (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanūmān (name of a prominent monkey deity)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ऋक्ष-पतिः (ṛkṣa-patiḥ) - the lord of bears, king of bears

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛkṣa-pati

ṛkṣa-pati - lord of bears

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛkṣa+pati)

• ṛkṣa – bear
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

पथि (pathi) - on the path, in the way

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

कृत-संग्रामैः (kṛta-saṁgrāmaiḥ) - by battle-hardened monkeys (by those who had fought battles)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛta-saṃgrāma

kṛta-saṁgrāma - one who has fought a battle, battle-fought

Bahuvrihi compound based on PPP

Bahuvrihi compound: 'kṛta' (done/fought - PPP) + 'saṃgrāma' (battle). Meaning 'by whom a battle has been fought'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+saṃgrāma)

• kṛta – done, made, performed, fought
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root 'kṛ'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• saṃgrāma – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)

श्वसद्भिः (śvasadbhiḥ) - by panting monkeys (by those who were breathing, panting)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvasat

śvasat - breathing, panting

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root 'śvas'.

Root: śvas (class 2)

अभि-संवृतम् (abhi-saṁvṛtam) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhi-saṃvṛta

abhi-saṁvṛta - surrounded, covered, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'vṛ' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'sam'.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)