वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-70, verse-33

सो ऽयमर्थं परित्यज्य सुखकामः सुखैधितः ।
पापमारभते कर्तुं तथा दोषः प्रवर्तते ॥३३॥

33. so'yamarthaṃ parityajya sukhakāmaḥ sukhaidhitaḥ ,
pāpamārabhate kartuṃ tathā doṣaḥ pravartate.

33. saḥ ayam artham parityajya sukhakāmaḥ sukhaidhitaḥ
pāpam ārabhate kartum tathā doṣaḥ pravartate

33. saḥ ayam artham parityajya sukhakāmaḥ sukhaidhitaḥ pāpam kartum ārabhate,
tathā doṣaḥ pravartate

33. That very man, abandoning wealth (artha), desiring pleasure and accustomed to luxuries, begins to commit sin, and thus vice becomes rampant.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (man) (he, that)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (man) (this, he)

• अर्थम् (artham) - wealth (wealth, purpose, object)

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having forsaken)

• सुखकामः (sukhakāmaḥ) - desiring pleasure (desirous of pleasure)

• सुखैधितः (sukhaidhitaḥ) - accustomed to luxuries (nourished by pleasure, grown with pleasure, accustomed to luxuries)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wickedness)

• आरभते (ārabhate) - he begins (he begins, he undertakes, he commences)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to commit (to do, to make, to perform)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• दोषः (doṣaḥ) - vice (fault, defect, vice, sin)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it becomes rampant (it proceeds, it arises, it becomes active)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (man) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Combines with 'ayam' to form 'so 'yam' (that very man)

अयम् (ayam) - this (man) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Combines with 'saḥ' to form 'so 'yam' (that very man)

अर्थम् (artham) - wealth (wealth, purpose, object)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - object, purpose, aim, cause, meaning, wealth, property

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having forsaken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable past participle formed with -ya suffix after prefix pari- and root tyaj

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सुखकामः (sukhakāmaḥ) - desiring pleasure (desirous of pleasure)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhakāma

sukhakāma - desiring pleasure, fond of happiness

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+kāma)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

सुखैधितः (sukhaidhitaḥ) - accustomed to luxuries (nourished by pleasure, grown with pleasure, accustomed to luxuries)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhaidhita

sukhaidhita - nourished by pleasure, grown with pleasure, accustomed to happiness/luxuries

Past Passive Participle

Compound of sukha (pleasure) and idhita (nourished, grown, from root idh)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+edhita)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• edhita – nourished, grown, increased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root idh (to kindle, to grow)
  Root: idh (class 1)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wickedness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked, vice

आरभते (ārabhate) - he begins (he begins, he undertakes, he commences)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ārabh

Present Indicative

3rd person singular ātmanepada (middle voice) of ā-rabh

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to commit (to do, to make, to perform)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

दोषः (doṣaḥ) - vice (fault, defect, vice, sin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, sin, evil

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it becomes rampant (it proceeds, it arises, it becomes active)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

Present Indicative

3rd person singular ātmanepada (middle voice) of pra-vṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

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