वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-70, verse-13

तं लक्ष्मणो ऽथ बाहुभ्यां परिष्वज्य सुदुःखितः ।
उवाच राममस्वस्थं वाक्यं हेत्वर्थसंहितम् ॥१३॥

13. taṃ lakṣmaṇo'tha bāhubhyāṃ pariṣvajya suduḥkhitaḥ ,
uvāca rāmamasvasthaṃ vākyaṃ hetvarthasaṃhitam.

13. tam lakṣmaṇaḥ atha bāhubhyām pariṣvajya suduḥkhitaḥ
uvāca rāmam asvastham vākyam hetvarthasaṃhitam

13. atha suduḥkhitaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ tam bāhubhyām pariṣvajya
asvastham rāmam hetvarthasaṃhitam vākyam uvāca

13. Then, Lakṣmaṇa, greatly distressed, embraced him (Rāma) with both arms and spoke words full of logical purpose to Rāma, who was unwell.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Rāma (him, that)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

• अस्वस्थम् (asvastham) - unwell (mentally/emotionally, or physically) (unwell, disturbed, unhealthy)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (plural sense implied) (word, speech, sentence)

• हेत्वर्थसंहितम् (hetvarthasaṁhitam) - endowed with reason and meaning, full of logical purpose

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Rāma (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's brother)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or commencement.

बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

Note: Used for embracing.

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root svaj (to embrace) with upasarga pari. The 'ṣ' is due to retroflexion from 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduhkhita

suduhkhita - greatly distressed, very sorrowful, much pained

From su (very) + duḥkhita (distressed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix.
• duḥkhita – distressed, pained, sorrowful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dukh (to be pained).
  Root: dukh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Lakṣmaṇa.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (reduplicated form).

Root: vac (class 2)

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper noun)

Note: Object of uvāca (to whom something is said).

अस्वस्थम् (asvastham) - unwell (mentally/emotionally, or physically) (unwell, disturbed, unhealthy)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asvastha

asvastha - unwell, unhealthy, uncomfortable, disturbed

From negative prefix 'a' + svastha (healthy, well).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+svastha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• svastha – healthy, well, at ease, self-reliant
  adjective (masculine)
  From sva (self) + sthā (to stand), literally 'standing in oneself'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāma.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (plural sense implied) (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of uvāca.

हेत्वर्थसंहितम् (hetvarthasaṁhitam) - endowed with reason and meaning, full of logical purpose

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hetvarthasaṃhita

hetvarthasaṁhita - connected with cause and meaning, logical, reasonable

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpurusha (hetu+artha+saṃhita)

• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• saṃhita – joined, connected, combined, endowed with
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place) with upasarga sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies vākyam.