वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-70, verse-11

तं भूमौ देवसंकाशं पतितं दृश्य राघवम् ।
अभिपेतुः समुत्पत्य सर्वतः कपिसत्तमाः ॥११॥

11. taṃ bhūmau devasaṃkāśaṃ patitaṃ dṛśya rāghavam ,
abhipetuḥ samutpatya sarvataḥ kapisattamāḥ.

11. tam bhūmau devasaṃkāśam patitam dṛśya rāghavam
abhipetuḥ samutpatya sarvataḥ kapisattamāḥ

11. kapisattamāḥ bhūmau patitam devasaṃkāśam
rāghavam dṛśya samutpatya sarvataḥ abhipetuḥ

11. Having seen Rāghava (Rāma), who was like a god, fallen on the ground, the best of the monkeys sprang up and rushed towards him from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Rāma (him, that)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - god-like, resembling a deity

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, having fallen

• दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen, after seeing

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu), Rāma)

• अभिपेतुः (abhipetuḥ) - they rushed towards

• समुत्पत्य (samutpatya) - having sprung up, having risen

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• कपिसत्तमाः (kapisattamāḥ) - the best of monkeys, excellent monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Rāma (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - god-like, resembling a deity

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devasaṃkāśa

devasaṁkāśa - god-like, resembling a god

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+saṃkāśa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kāś (to appear, shine) with upasarga sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāghava (Rāma).

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, having fallen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāghava (Rāma).

दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu), Rāma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma (proper noun)

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Object of 'having seen'.

अभिपेतुः (abhipetuḥ) - they rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhipat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. From root pat (to fall/go) with upasarga abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

समुत्पत्य (samutpatya) - having sprung up, having risen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root pat (to fall/go) with upasargas sam and ut.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: pat (class 1)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas forming an adverb.

कपिसत्तमाः (kapisattamāḥ) - the best of monkeys, excellent monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapisattama

kapisattama - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Superlative form of kapi (monkey) with sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+sattama)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most noble
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.

Note: Subject of abhipetuḥ.