वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-70, verse-28

यदि धर्मो भवेद्भूत अधर्मो वा परंतप ।
न स्म हत्वा मुनिं वज्री कुर्यादिज्यां शतक्रतुः ॥२८॥

28. yadi dharmo bhavedbhūta adharmo vā paraṃtapa ,
na sma hatvā muniṃ vajrī kuryādijyāṃ śatakratuḥ.

28. yadi dharmaḥ bhavet bhūta adharmaḥ vā paraṃtapa
na sma hatvā munim vajrī kuryāt ijyām śatakratuḥ

28. paraṃtapa yadi dharmaḥ bhūta bhavet vā adharmaḥ
vajrī śatakratuḥ munim hatvā ijyām na sma kuryāt

28. O tormentor of foes, if natural law (dharma) or unrighteousness (adharma) were to truly exist (be manifest), then Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt (vajrī), would not have performed a Vedic ritual (ijyā) after killing the sage.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - were to exist (should be, would be, may be)

• भूत (bhūta) - existent, manifest (existed, become, manifest, being, creature)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (adharma), the opposite of natural law (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, non-natural law)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (addressing Rāma) (O tormentor of foes)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past hypothetical or certainty) (indeed, certainly (particle indicating past tense with present verb, or emphasis))

• हत्वा (hatvā) - after killing (having killed, after killing)

• मुनिम् (munim) - sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• वज्री (vajrī) - Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt (vajrī) (wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would have performed (should do, would do, may do)

• इज्याम् (ijyām) - Vedic ritual (ijyā) (Vedic ritual, offering, worship)

• शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Indra (śatakratuḥ) (one with a hundred Vedic rituals, Indra)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

भवेत् (bhavet) - were to exist (should be, would be, may be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूत (bhūta) - existent, manifest (existed, become, manifest, being, creature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūta

bhūta - existed, become, manifest, being, creature

Past Passive Participle

from bhū (to be, become) + kta suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dharmaḥ` (implied).

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (adharma), the opposite of natural law (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, non-natural law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, non-natural law

a (not) + dharma

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (addressing Rāma) (O tormentor of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, other, supreme
  pronoun
• tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past hypothetical or certainty) (indeed, certainly (particle indicating past tense with present verb, or emphasis))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here with an optative to strengthen the hypothetical or counterfactual nature.

हत्वा (hatvā) - after killing (having killed, after killing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from han (to strike, kill) + ktvā suffix

Root: han (class 2)

मुनिम् (munim) - sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of `hatvā`.

वज्री (vajrī) - Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt (vajrī) (wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrin

vajrin - wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra

from vajra (thunderbolt) + ini suffix

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would have performed (should do, would do, may do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of kṛ

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इज्याम् (ijyām) - Vedic ritual (ijyā) (Vedic ritual, offering, worship)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ijyā

ijyā - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

from yaj (to worship, perform ritual)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of `kuryāt`.

शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Indra (śatakratuḥ) (one with a hundred Vedic rituals, Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - one with a hundred Vedic rituals, Indra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  numeral
• kratu – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, power, intelligence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Another name for Indra, the subject of the sentence.