वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-6

पृथिव्याः केतुभूतो ऽसौ महानेको ऽत्र दृश्यते ।
यं दृष्ट्वा वानराः सर्वे विद्रवन्ति ततस्ततः ॥६॥

6. pṛthivyāḥ ketubhūto'sau mahāneko'tra dṛśyate ,
yaṃ dṛṣṭvā vānarāḥ sarve vidravanti tatastataḥ.

6. pṛthivyāḥ ketubhūtaḥ asau mahān ekaḥ atra dṛśyate
yam dṛṣṭvā vānarāḥ sarve vidravanti tatastataḥ

6. atra pṛthivyāḥ ketubhūtaḥ mahān ekaḥ asau dṛśyate
yam dṛṣṭvā sarve vānarāḥ tatastataḥ vidravanti

6. That great, singular figure, who has become like an emblem for the earth, is seen here; upon seeing him, all the monkeys flee in every direction.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth

• केतुभूतः (ketubhūtaḥ) - like an emblem or sign (become a banner, like a banner/standard)

• असौ (asau) - that demon (that one, he)

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, singular, unique

• अत्र (atra) - here (in Laṅkā, in the battlefield) (here, in this place)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, appears, is visible

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the demon) (whom, which)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkey army of Rāma (monkeys)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• विद्रवन्ति (vidravanti) - flee, run away, scatter

• ततस्ततः (tatastataḥ) - in various directions (hither and thither, in all directions, from all sides)

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Root: pṛth

Note: Possessive case modifying 'ketubhūtaḥ'.

केतुभूतः (ketubhūtaḥ) - like an emblem or sign (become a banner, like a banner/standard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketubhūta

ketubhūta - become a banner, like a banner/standard; a chief or prominent figure

Compound of ketu (banner, flag, sign) and bhūta (become, being).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ketu+bhūta)

• ketu – banner, flag, standard; mark, sign
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, past; being, creature
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes the demon.

असौ (asau) - that demon (that one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one yonder, he/she/it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'dṛśyate'.

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Indeclinable stem mahat, nominative singular masculine form.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Describes the demon.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, singular, unique

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

अत्र (atra) - here (in Laṅkā, in the battlefield) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, appears, is visible

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Passive voice formation (yaka) of √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the demon) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkey army of Rāma (monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of 'vidravanti'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun/adjective.

Note: Modifies 'vānarāḥ'.

विद्रवन्ति (vidravanti) - flee, run away, scatter

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vidrav

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person plural

From vi- + √dru (to run).

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

ततस्ततः (tatastataḥ) - in various directions (hither and thither, in all directions, from all sides)

(indeclinable)

Reduplication of tatas (from there, thence).