वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-18

कुम्भकर्णप्रहारार्तो विचचाल स वासवः ।
ततो विषेदुः सहसा देवब्रह्मर्षिदानवाः ॥१८॥

18. kumbhakarṇaprahārārto vicacāla sa vāsavaḥ ,
tato viṣeduḥ sahasā devabrahmarṣidānavāḥ.

18. kumbhakarṇaprahārārtaḥ vicacāla saḥ vāsavaḥ
tataḥ viṣeduḥ sahasā devabrahmarṣidānavāḥ

18. kumbhakarṇaprahārārtaḥ saḥ vāsavaḥ vicacāla
tataḥ devabrahmarṣidānavāḥ sahasā viṣeduḥ

18. Vasava (Indra), afflicted by Kumbhakarna's strike, staggered. Thereupon, the gods, brahmin sages, and dānavas (demons) suddenly became distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भकर्णप्रहारार्तः (kumbhakarṇaprahārārtaḥ) - afflicted by Kumbhakarna's blow, distressed by Kumbhakarna's attack

• विचचाल (vicacāla) - staggered, trembled, swayed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Vasava (Indra)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they became dejected, they felt sorrow, they sank down

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcibly

• देवब्रह्मर्षिदानवाः (devabrahmarṣidānavāḥ) - gods, brahmin sages, and dānavas (demons)

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भकर्णप्रहारार्तः (kumbhakarṇaprahārārtaḥ) - afflicted by Kumbhakarna's blow, distressed by Kumbhakarna's attack

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇaprahārārta

kumbhakarṇaprahārārta - afflicted by Kumbhakarna's blow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kumbhakarṇa+prahāra+ārta)

• kumbhakarṇa – Kumbhakarna (name of Ravana's brother)
  proper noun (masculine)
• prahāra – blow, strike, attack
  noun (masculine)
  From the prefix pra- and √hṛ (to strike, take).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained, hurt
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the prefix ā- and √ṛ (to go, suffer, obtain).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Vāsavaḥ.

विचचाल (vicacāla) - staggered, trembled, swayed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vical

Perfect

From the prefix vi- and √cal (to move, tremble), 3rd person singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: cal (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vāsava.

वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Vasava (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Vasava (a name of Indra)

Patronymic from Vasu, or referring to Indra as lord of the Vasus.

Note: Subject of vicacāla.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of tad used as an adverb.

विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they became dejected, they felt sorrow, they sank down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of viṣad

Perfect

From the prefix vi- and √sad (to sit, sink), 3rd person plural.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas (force) used as an adverb.

देवब्रह्मर्षिदानवाः (devabrahmarṣidānavāḥ) - gods, brahmin sages, and dānavas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devabrahmarṣidānava

devabrahmarṣidānava - gods, brahmin sages, and dānavas

Compound type : dvandva (deva+brahmarṣi+dānava)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From √div (to shine).
  Root: div (class 4)
• brahmarṣi – brahmin sage, a sage of the brahmin class
  noun (masculine)
  From brahman (Brahma or priestly knowledge) + ṛṣi (sage).
• dānava – dānava (a class of demons, children of Danu)
  noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Danu.

Note: Subject of viṣeduḥ.

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