वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-15

स कुम्भकर्णं कुपितो महेन्द्रो जघान वज्रेण शितेन वज्री ।
स शक्रवज्राभिहतो महात्मा चचाल कोपाच्च भृशं ननाद ॥१५॥

15. sa kumbhakarṇaṃ kupito mahendro jaghāna vajreṇa śitena vajrī ,
sa śakravajrābhihato mahātmā cacāla kopācca bhṛśaṃ nanāda.

15. saḥ kumbhakarṇam kupitaḥ mahendraḥ
jaghāna vajreṇa śitena vajrī
saḥ śakravajrābhihataḥ mahātmā
cacāla kopāt ca bhṛśam nanāda

15. kupitaḥ mahendraḥ vajrī saḥ śitena
vajreṇa kumbhakarṇam jaghāna
saḥ śakravajrābhihataḥ mahātmā
kopāt ca bhṛśam cacāla nanāda

15. Enraged, Mahendra (Indra), the wielder of the vajra, struck Kumbhakarna with his sharp vajra. Struck by Śakra's (Indra's) vajra, that mighty (mahātman) one (Kumbhakarna) staggered and roared terribly out of rage.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Mahendra (Indra) (he, that)

• कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - The rākṣasa Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna)

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered, wrathful

• महेन्द्रः (mahendraḥ) - The deity Indra (Mahendra (a name for Indra), great Indra)

• जघान (jaghāna) - struck (struck, killed, smote)

• वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - with Indra's signature weapon, the vajra (with the thunderbolt)

• शितेन (śitena) - by the sharp, by the whetted, by the keen

• वज्री (vajrī) - Referring to Indra (wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra)

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Kumbhakarna (he, that)

• शक्रवज्राभिहतः (śakravajrābhihataḥ) - struck by Indra's vajra (struck by Śakra's thunderbolt)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - Kumbhakarna (great-souled, mighty one)

• चचाल (cacāla) - he staggered (he moved, he staggered, he trembled)

• कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, out of wrath

• च (ca) - connects staggering and roaring (and, also)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, terribly

• ननाद (nanāda) - he roared (he roared, he sounded, he screamed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Mahendra (Indra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Subject of 'jaghāna'.

कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - The rākṣasa Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna; pot-eared

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'jaghāna'.

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered, wrathful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angered, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From root kup (to be angry).

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Often used adjectivally.

महेन्द्रः (mahendraḥ) - The deity Indra (Mahendra (a name for Indra), great Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahendra

mahendra - Mahendra, great Indra

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+indra)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• indra – Indra, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'jaghāna'.

जघान (jaghāna) - struck (struck, killed, smote)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Reduplicated perfect form of root han.

Root: han (class 2)

वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - with Indra's signature weapon, the vajra (with the thunderbolt)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt, diamond

From root vaj (to be strong)

Root: vaj (class 1)

Note: Instrument of 'jaghāna'.

शितेन (śitena) - by the sharp, by the whetted, by the keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śita

śita - sharp, sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

From root śo (to sharpen, to whet).

Root: śo (class 4)

वज्री (vajrī) - Referring to Indra (wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrin

vajrin - possessing a thunderbolt; Indra

Noun with possessive suffix -in.

Note: Apposition to 'mahendraḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - referring to Kumbhakarna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Subject of 'cacāla' and 'nanāda'.

शक्रवज्राभिहतः (śakravajrābhihataḥ) - struck by Indra's vajra (struck by Śakra's thunderbolt)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakravajrābhihata

śakravajrābhihata - struck by Śakra's thunderbolt

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakravajra+abhihata)

• śakra – Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• abhihata – struck, smitten, hit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ mahātmā'.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - Kumbhakarna (great-souled, mighty one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, mighty (adjective); a great soul, a mighty person (noun)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to 'saḥ'.

चचाल (cacāla) - he staggered (he moved, he staggered, he trembled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of cal

Reduplicated perfect form of root cal.

Root: cal (class 1)

कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, out of wrath

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, fury

From root kup (to be angry).

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Cause for staggering and roaring.

च (ca) - connects staggering and roaring (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Enclitic conjunction. Placed after the second conjoined element.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, terribly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage (accusative singular neuter of adjective).

ननाद (nanāda) - he roared (he roared, he sounded, he screamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nad

Reduplicated perfect form of root nad.

Root: nad (class 1)