वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-14

तेषु संभक्ष्यमाणेषु प्रजा भयनिपीडिताः ।
यान्ति स्म शरणं शक्रं तमप्यर्थं न्यवेदयन् ॥१४॥

14. teṣu saṃbhakṣyamāṇeṣu prajā bhayanipīḍitāḥ ,
yānti sma śaraṇaṃ śakraṃ tamapyarthaṃ nyavedayan.

14. teṣu saṃbhakṣyamāṇeṣu prajāḥ bhayaniṣpīḍitāḥ
yānti sma śaraṇam śakram tam api artham nyavedayan

14. teṣu saṃbhakṣyamāṇeṣu bhayaniṣpīḍitāḥ prajāḥ
śakram śaraṇam yānti sma tam artham api nyavedayan

14. As those (beings) were being devoured, the people, tormented by fear, went to Śakra (Indra) for refuge, and they also reported this matter to him.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - when those beings were being devoured (in them, among them, when they (locative absolute))

• संभक्ष्यमाणेषु (saṁbhakṣyamāṇeṣu) - while being devoured, when being eaten

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the populace or creatures affected by Kumbhakarna's actions (people, creatures, subjects, progeny)

• भयनिष्पीडिताः (bhayaniṣpīḍitāḥ) - oppressed by fear, tormented by fear, terrified

• यान्ति (yānti) - they went (with 'sma') (they go)

• स्म (sma) - indicates past tense for 'yānti' (indeed, certainly (when used with present tense verb indicates past tense))

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• शक्रम् (śakram) - to the deity Indra (Śakra (Indra))

• तम् (tam) - to Śakra (Indra) (that, him)

• अपि (api) - emphasizes "also reported" (also, even, indeed)

• अर्थम् (artham) - the specific matter/request concerning Kumbhakarna (matter, purpose, meaning, request, wealth)

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, they informed, they announced

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - when those beings were being devoured (in them, among them, when they (locative absolute))

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

संभक्ष्यमाणेषु (saṁbhakṣyamāṇeṣu) - while being devoured, when being eaten

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃbhakṣyamāṇa

saṁbhakṣyamāṇa - being devoured, being eaten up

Present Passive Participle

From root bhakṣ (to eat, devour) with prefix sam, middle voice ending -māna.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the populace or creatures affected by Kumbhakarna's actions (people, creatures, subjects, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, creatures, progeny, offspring

From prefix pra + root jan (to be born).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'yānti sma'.

भयनिष्पीडिताः (bhayaniṣpīḍitāḥ) - oppressed by fear, tormented by fear, terrified

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhayaniṣpīḍita

bhayaniṣpīḍita - oppressed by fear, tormented by fear, terrified

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+niṣpīḍita)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• niṣpīḍita – oppressed, tormented, crushed
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pīḍ (to torment, oppress) with prefix niṣ (nir).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'prajāḥ'.

यान्ति (yānti) - they went (with 'sma') (they go)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used with 'sma' to denote past imperfective action.

स्म (sma) - indicates past tense for 'yānti' (indeed, certainly (when used with present tense verb indicates past tense))

(indeclinable)

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'yānti sma'.

शक्रम् (śakram) - to the deity Indra (Śakra (Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful, mighty (adjective); Indra (proper noun)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Object of 'yānti sma' (destination).

तम् (tam) - to Śakra (Indra) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Object of 'nyavedayan'.

अपि (api) - emphasizes "also reported" (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अर्थम् (artham) - the specific matter/request concerning Kumbhakarna (matter, purpose, meaning, request, wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, matter, wealth, thing, request

Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Object of 'nyavedayan'.

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported, they informed, they announced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

Causative

From root vid (to know) with prefix ni, causative stem 'veday'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Sandhi with 'tam api' (tam apy arthaṃ) implies original 'ni-avedayan'.