वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-4

विद्रुतां वाहिनीं दृष्ट्वा वर्धमानं च राक्षसं ।
सविस्मयमिदं रामो विभीषणमुवाच ह ॥४॥

4. vidrutāṃ vāhinīṃ dṛṣṭvā vardhamānaṃ ca rākṣasaṃ ,
savismayamidaṃ rāmo vibhīṣaṇamuvāca ha.

4. vidrutām vāhinīm dṛṣṭvā vardhamānam ca rākṣasam
savismayam idam rāmaḥ vibhīṣaṇam uvāca ha

4. vidrutām vāhinīm ca vardhamānam rākṣasam dṛṣṭvā
rāmaḥ savismayam idam vibhīṣaṇam uvāca ha

4. Seeing the routed army and the increasingly powerful demon, Rāma, with astonishment, said this to Vibhīṣaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्रुताम् (vidrutām) - fled, routed, scattered

• वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - army (of monkeys) (army, host, stream, river)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वर्धमानम् (vardhamānam) - becoming more powerful or formidable (growing, increasing, thriving)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the demon (Indrajit) (demon, pertaining to a demon)

• सविस्मयम् (savismayam) - with astonishment, with wonder

• इदम् (idam) - this (speech/question) (this)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (the protagonist) (Rāma)

• विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (Rāvaṇa's brother and an ally of Rāma) (Vibhīṣaṇa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle indicating past action)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्रुताम् (vidrutām) - fled, routed, scattered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidruta

vidruta - fled, routed, scattered, dispersed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √dru (to run) with upasarga vi- (away, apart) and suffix -ta.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vāhinīm'.

वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - army (of monkeys) (army, host, stream, river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāhinī

vāhinī - army, host; stream, river

From vāhana (bearing, carrying) from √vah (to carry, flow)

Root: vah (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वर्धमानम् (vardhamānam) - becoming more powerful or formidable (growing, increasing, thriving)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vardhamāna

vardhamāna - growing, increasing, thriving, prospering

Present Middle Participle

Formed from root √vṛdh (to grow, increase) with the -āna suffix in the middle voice.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the demon (Indrajit) (demon, pertaining to a demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, a being of the Rākṣasa class; pertaining to Rākṣasas

From rakṣa (guard, demon) + -a (secondary suffix).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

सविस्मयम् (savismayam) - with astonishment, with wonder

(indeclinable)

Compound of sa- (with) and vismaya (wonder).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vismaya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vismaya – wonder, astonishment, surprise
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + √smi (to wonder, be astonished).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this (speech/question) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the following statement or question.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (the protagonist) (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name); pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (Rāvaṇa's brother and an ally of Rāma) (Vibhīṣaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (a proper name); dreadful, terrible

From vi- + √bhīṣ (to frighten).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhīṣ (class 10)

Note: Indirect object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle indicating past action)

(indeclinable)