वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-49, verse-13

एतेन जातमात्रेण क्षुधार्तेन महात्मना ।
भक्षितानि सहस्राणि सत्त्वानां सुबहून्यपि ॥१३॥

13. etena jātamātreṇa kṣudhārtena mahātmanā ,
bhakṣitāni sahasrāṇi sattvānāṃ subahūnyapi.

13. etena jātamātreṇa kṣudhārtena mahātmanā
bhakṣitāni sahasrāṇi sattvānām subahūni api

13. jātamātreṇa kṣudhārtena etena mahātmanā
subahūni api sahasrāṇi sattvānām bhakṣitāni

13. Immediately after his birth, this mighty (mahātman) one, tormented by hunger, devoured thousands, indeed very many, living beings (sattva).

Words meanings summery:

• एतेन (etena) - by this Kumbhakarna (by this)

• जातमात्रेण (jātamātreṇa) - by one who is merely born, immediately after birth, as soon as born

• क्षुधार्तेन (kṣudhārtena) - by one afflicted by hunger, by the hungry one

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Kumbhakarna, who is described as mighty (by the great-souled one, by the mighty one)

• भक्षितानि (bhakṣitāni) - eaten, devoured

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands of creatures (thousands)

• सत्त्वानाम् (sattvānām) - of beings, of creatures, of living things

• सुबहूनि (subahūni) - very many, exceedingly numerous

• अपि (api) - emphasizes the large number (also, even, indeed)

Words meanings and morphology

एतेन (etena) - by this Kumbhakarna (by this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'bhakṣitāni'.

जातमात्रेण (jātamātreṇa) - by one who is merely born, immediately after birth, as soon as born

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jātamātra

jātamātra - merely born, only just born

Compound type : karmadharaya (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – only, merely, as much as
  indeclinable

Note: Modifies 'etena mahātmanā'.

क्षुधार्तेन (kṣudhārtena) - by one afflicted by hunger, by the hungry one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - afflicted by hunger, tormented by hunger, hungry

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣudhā+ārta)

• kṣudhā – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – afflicted, tormented, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, move, attain), with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'etena mahātmanā'.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Kumbhakarna, who is described as mighty (by the great-souled one, by the mighty one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, mighty (adjective); a great soul, a mighty person (noun)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'etena'.

भक्षितानि (bhakṣitāni) - eaten, devoured

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhakṣita

bhakṣita - eaten, devoured

Past Passive Participle

From root bhakṣ (to eat, devour), desiderative of bhaj, formed from secondary root.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands of creatures (thousands)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'bhakṣitāni'.

सत्त्वानाम् (sattvānām) - of beings, of creatures, of living things

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sattva

sattva - being, creature, essence, reality, goodness, courage

From root as (to be) + tva (suffix for abstract noun, or connection). Here more about existence/being.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sahasrāṇi'.

सुबहूनि (subahūni) - very many, exceedingly numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, exceedingly numerous

Compound of 'su' (good, well, very) and 'bahu' (many).

Compound type : avyayibhava (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sahasrāṇi'.

अपि (api) - emphasizes the large number (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)