वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-24, verse-3

सा ददर्श सखीं सीतां सरमा नष्टचेतनाम् ।
उपावृत्योत्थितां ध्वस्तां वडवामिव पांसुषु ॥३॥

3. sā dadarśa sakhīṃ sītāṃ saramā naṣṭacetanām ,
upāvṛtyotthitāṃ dhvastāṃ vaḍavāmiva pāṃsuṣu.

3. sā dadarśa sakhīm sītām naṣṭa cetanām upāvṛtya
utthitām dhvastām vaḍavām iva pāṃsuṣu

3. sā sakhīm sītām naṣṭacetanām upāvṛtya
utthitām dhvastām pāṃsuṣu vaḍavām iva dadarśa

3. Sarama saw her friend Sita, who was unconscious, (then) having turned and risen (from her swoon), but still appearing distressed and dishevelled, like a mare wallowing in the dust.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (Sarama) (she, that (feminine))

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

• सखीम् (sakhīm) - (her) friend (friend, female companion (accusative))

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (Sita (accusative))

• नष्ट (naṣṭa) - lost (as in "lost consciousness") (lost, destroyed, perished)

• चेतनाम् (cetanām) - consciousness (consciousness, intelligence, sensation)

• उपावृत्य (upāvṛtya) - having turned (over) and recovered (having turned back, having returned, having recovered)

• उत्थिताम् (utthitām) - (having) stood up (risen, stood up, arisen (accusative, feminine))

• ध्वस्ताम् (dhvastām) - distressed and dishevelled (fallen, ruined, distressed, dishevelled (accusative, feminine))

• वडवाम् (vaḍavām) - mare (mare, female horse (accusative))

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• पांसुषु (pāṁsuṣu) - in the dust (in the dust, in dust)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (Sarama) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: Refers to Sarama.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dadarśa

perfect tense

root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सखीम् (sakhīm) - (her) friend (friend, female companion (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sakhī

sakhī - friend, female companion

Note: Object of dadarśa.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (Sita (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife)

Note: Object of dadarśa, in apposition to sakhīm.

नष्ट (naṣṭa) - lost (as in "lost consciousness") (lost, destroyed, perished)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, vanished, perished

past passive participle

root naś + suffix -ta

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: First part of the compound naṣṭacetanā.

चेतनाम् (cetanām) - consciousness (consciousness, intelligence, sensation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cetanā

cetanā - consciousness, intelligence, sensation, spirit

from root cit

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Second part of naṣṭacetanām (lost consciousness), which qualifies sītām.

उपावृत्य (upāvṛtya) - having turned (over) and recovered (having turned back, having returned, having recovered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root vṛt + prefixes upa + ā + suffix -ya

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Describes an action performed by Sita before being seen.

उत्थिताम् (utthitām) - (having) stood up (risen, stood up, arisen (accusative, feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, arisen

past passive participle

root sthā + prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sītām.

ध्वस्ताम् (dhvastām) - distressed and dishevelled (fallen, ruined, distressed, dishevelled (accusative, feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhvasta

dhvasta - fallen, ruined, destroyed, distressed, dishevelled

past passive participle

root dhvaṃs

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sītām.

वडवाम् (vaḍavām) - mare (mare, female horse (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaḍavā

vaḍavā - mare, female horse, harlot

Note: Part of the simile "like a mare".

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

पांसुषु (pāṁsuṣu) - in the dust (in the dust, in dust)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṃsu

pāṁsu - dust, sand, fine powder

Note: Locative plural, indicating place.

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