वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-24, verse-22

आपूर्यन्ते राजमार्गाः सैन्यैरद्भुतदर्शनैः ।
वेगवद्भिर्नदद्भिश्च तोयौघैरिव सागरः ॥२२॥

22. āpūryante rājamārgāḥ sainyairadbhutadarśanaiḥ ,
vegavadbhirnadadbhiśca toyaughairiva sāgaraḥ.

22. āpūryante rājamārgāḥ sainyaiḥ adbhutadarśanaiḥ
vegavadbhiḥ nadadbhiḥ ca toyaughaiḥ iva sāgaraḥ

22. rājamārgāḥ adbhutadarśanaiḥ sainyaiḥ āpūryante,
iva sāgaraḥ vegavadbhiḥ nadadbhiḥ ca toyaughaiḥ

22. The royal roads are filled with armies of astonishing sight, just as the ocean is filled with swift, roaring torrents of water.

Words meanings summery:

• आपूर्यन्ते (āpūryante) - are filled (with armies) (are filled, are completed, are made full)

• राजमार्गाः (rājamārgāḥ) - the main roads or highways (royal roads, highways)

• सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - by military forces (by armies, by soldiers)

• अद्भुतदर्शनैः (adbhutadarśanaiḥ) - by armies that are astonishing to behold (by those of wonderful appearance, by those having an astonishing sight)

• वेगवद्भिः (vegavadbhiḥ) - by swift (torrents of water) (by those possessing speed, by swift ones)

• नदद्भिः (nadadbhiḥ) - by roaring (torrents of water) (by roaring ones, by sounding ones)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तोयौघैः (toyaughaiḥ) - by powerful streams of water (by torrents of water, by floods)

• इव (iva) - like, as (like, as, as if)

• सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - the ocean (being filled) (ocean, sea)

Words meanings and morphology

आपूर्यन्ते (āpūryante) - are filled (with armies) (are filled, are completed, are made full)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of āpūr

passive voice

Present passive form, ātmanepada

Prefix: ā

Root: pṛ (class 9)

राजमार्गाः (rājamārgāḥ) - the main roads or highways (royal roads, highways)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājamārga

rājamārga - king's highway, royal road

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mārga)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  from mṛg (to seek)
  Root: mṛg (class 6)

Note: Subject of āpūryante.

सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - by military forces (by armies, by soldiers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host, military, soldier

From senā (army) + ṇya (suffix)

Note: Agent in passive construction, refers to soldiers/troops.

अद्भुतदर्शनैः (adbhutadarśanaiḥ) - by armies that are astonishing to behold (by those of wonderful appearance, by those having an astonishing sight)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of adbhutadarśana

adbhutadarśana - of wonderful appearance, having an astonishing sight

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adbhuta+darśana)

• adbhuta – wonderful, astonishing, amazing
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From a-bhū (to exist without, i.e., unexpectedly)
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• darśana – seeing, sight, appearance, view
  noun (neuter)
  from dṛś (to see) + ana (suffix)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

वेगवद्भिः (vegavadbhiḥ) - by swift (torrents of water) (by those possessing speed, by swift ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vegavat

vegavat - swift, rapid, impetuous, possessing speed

from vega (speed) + matup (suffix)

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies toyaughaiḥ.

नदद्भिः (nadadbhiḥ) - by roaring (torrents of water) (by roaring ones, by sounding ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nadat

nadat - roaring, sounding, making noise

Present Active Participle

From root nad (to sound, roar) + śatṛ (suffix)

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तोयौघैः (toyaughaiḥ) - by powerful streams of water (by torrents of water, by floods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of toyaugha

toyaugha - flood of water, torrent of water, stream of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+ogha)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
  from tu (to swell, be strong)
  Root: tu (class 5)
• ogha – flood, torrent, stream, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  from vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - the ocean (being filled) (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

from sa-gara (with poison, referring to the mythical poison of the sea) or s-agara (with mountains)